Abstract
Cholestasis (literally the stoppage of bile) has a variety of operational definitions. To the clinician, it is the jaundiced patient with marked elevations of alkaline phosphatase and minimally elevated aminotransferases. To the physiologist, it is the measurable decrease in hepatic secretion of water and solutes. To the histopathologist, it is the identification of bile pigment in the canaliculi, bile ducts or hepatocytes. Cholestasis results from an interference in normal bile flow. This interference may occur at any point from the canalicular membrane of the hepatocyte to the ampulla of Vater in the duodenal wall. Clinical manifestations of cholestasis range from asymptomatic abnormalities in liver function tests to fatigue, pruritus, jaundice, and right upper quadrant pain.
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Kaplan NM. Primary biliary cirrhosis. N Engl J Med 1987;316:521–528.
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Toffolon, E.P. (1998). Primary Biliary Cirrhosis and Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis. In: Wu, G.Y., Israel, J. (eds) Diseases of the Liver and Bile Ducts. Current Clinical Practice. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1808-1_15
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1808-1_15
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