Abstract
On the example of the semi-classical expansion for the levels of the quartic oscillator −(d2/dq2) +q 4 , we show how the complex WKB method provides information about the singularities of the Borel transform of the semi-classical series. In this problem there occurs a tunneling effect between complex turning points, by which those singularities generate exponentially small, yet detectable, corrections to the energy levels.
Dedicated to the centennial of the instanton 1
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
G. Darboux, J. Math. 4 (1878) 5, 377.
H. Poincare, Acta Math. 8 (1886) 295; W. Wasow, “Asymptotic Expansions for Ordinary Differential Equations” (Wiley, New York, 1965); F.W.J. Olver, “Asymptotics and Special Functions” (Academic Press, New York, 1974).
R.B. Dingle, “Asymptotic Expansions: their Derivation and Interpretation” (Academic Press, London, 1973).
J. Zinn-Justin, Princeton 1978 Lecture Notes (unpublished).
R. Balian, G. Parisi and A. Voros, Phys. Rev. Lett. 41 (1978) 1141.
I.M. Gelfand, G.E. Shilov, “Generalized Functions”, vol.1 (Academic Press, 1968).
C.M. Bender, T.T. Wu, Phys. Rev. D7 D7 (1973) 1620; L.H. Lipatov, JETP 72 (1977) 411; E. Brezin, J-C. Le Guillou and J. Zinn-Justin, Phys. Rev. D15 (1977) 1554, 1558; G. Parisi, Phys. Lett. 66B (1977) 167.
J. Leray, Bull. Soc. Math. Fr. 87 (1959) 81; D. Fotiadi, M. Froissart, J. Lascoux and F. Pham, Topology 4 (1965) 159.
R. Balian, C. Bloch, Ann. Phys. 63 (1971) 592; 85 (1974) 514.
For instance: L.I. Schiff, Phys. Rev. 92 (1953) 766; C. Schwartz, Ann. Phys. 32 (1965) 277; C.E. Reid, J. Molec. Spectrosc. 36 (1970) 183; P.M. Mathews, K. Eswaran, Lett. Nuovo Cimento 5 (1972) 15; F.T. Hide, E.W. Montroll, J. Math. Phys. 16 (1975) 1945.
A. Voros, These, University Paris-Sud (Orsay, 1977).
C.M. Bender, K. Olaussen and P.S. Wang, Phys. Rev. D16 (1977) 1740.
A. Erdélyi et al., “Higher Transcendental Functions” vol. 2 (Bateman Manuscript Project, McGraw Hill, New York, 1953); W. Magnus, F. Oberhettinger, R.P. Soni, “Formulas and Theorems for the Special Functions of Mathematical Physics” (Springer Verlag, 1966); M. Abramowitz, I.A. Stegun, “Handbook of Mathematical Functions”(Dover, New York).
For instance: A. Messiah, “Mecanique Quantique” vol 1, ch.6 (Dunod, Paris, 1959; English Translation:North-Holland, 1961); N. Fröman, Ark. för Fysik 32 (1966) 541.
G. Wentzel, Z. Phys. 38 (1926) 518; J.L. Dunham, Phys. Rev. 41 (1932) 713.
A. Voros, Ann. Inst. H. Poincare 26A (1977) 343.
J.A. Campbell, J. Comput. Phys. 10 (1972) 308; 15 (1974) 413 and refs. therein.
N. Fröman, P.O. Fröman, J. Math. Phys. 18 (1977) 96.
N. Fröman, P.O. Fröman, “JWKB-Approximation, Contributions to the Theory” (North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1965).
E.C. Titchmarsh, “Eigenfunctions Expansions” vol. 1 (Oxford Univ. Press, 1961); V.P. Maslov, “Theorie des Perturbations et Methodes Asymptotiqües” (Dunod, Paris, 1972); J.P. Eckmann, R. Seneor, Arch. Rational Mechanics 61 (1976) 153.
A.C. Hearn, “REDUCE User's Manual” (University of Utah, 1973).
P. Bonche, M. Froissart, J-F. Renardy, “Une Chaîne de Programmes d'Arithmétique à Longueur Variable sur IBM-360” (Note CEA-N-1247, Saclay, 1970).
M.C. Gutzwiller, J. Math. Phys. 12 (1971) 343; R. Dashen, B. Hasslacher, A. Neveu, Phys. Rev. D10 (1974) 4114.
A. Neveu, Rep. Progr. Phys. 40 (1977) 709.
J. Heading, “An Introduction to Phase-Integral Methods” (Methuen, London, 1962).
M.V. Berry and K.E. Mount, Rep. Progr. Phys. 35 (1972) 315.
R. Balian, C. Bloch, Ann. Phys. 69 (1972) 76.
Y. Colin de Verdiere, Comptes Rendus Acad. Sci. 275 (1972) 805 and 276 (1973) 1517; J. Chazarain, Inventiones Math. 24 (1974) 65; J.J. Duistermaat and V.W. Guillemin, Inventiones Math. 29 (1975) 39.
G. Parisi, “Trace Identities for the Schrödinger Operator and the WKB Method”, Preprint LPTENS 78-9 (Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, March 1978).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1979 Springer-Verlag
About this paper
Cite this paper
Balian, R., Parisi, G., Voros, A. (1979). Quartic oscillator. In: Albeverio, S., et al. Feynman Path Integrals. Lecture Notes in Physics, vol 106. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-09532-2_85
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-09532-2_85
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-09532-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-35039-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive