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Photosynthesis pp 9–51Cite as

The Calvin Cycle and Its Regulation

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Part of the book series: Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration ((AIPH,volume 9))

Summary

The Calvin cycle is the starting point of carbon metabolism in higher plants. It is a typically eubacterial pathway, as comparative biochemistry of all of its enzymes from prokaryotes and eukaryotes has revealed. The structural basis of Calvin cycle function is reviewed with an attempt at a balanced consideration of biochemical and molecular findings. The structural diversity of prokaryotic enzymes is emphasized, since the genes encoding the pathway in eukaryotes have all been inherited by plants from prokaryotes through endosymbiosis. Curiously, the enzymes that constitute the pathway in different organisms are of ten structurally unrelated—what is conserved in evolution is merely the set of substrate conversions, not the enzymes that catalyze them. Some of the structural and regulatory properties of the enzymes were present in the antecedents of organelles, but others were newly acquired at the eukaryotic level. The expression of Calvin cycle genes is regulated by a wide spectrum of factors, though the molecular details of the regulation have yet to be unraveled. Findings that suggest the existence of multienzyme-like Calvin cycle complexes are summarized. The molecular basis of redox-modulated light regulation through the thioredoxin system and its importance for flexible control of the pathway under varying conditions is illustrated. Expression of Calvin cycle enzymes in response to external or internal stimuli is briefly reviewed, as are newer findings from the expression of antisense constructs of Calvin cycle enzymes in transgenic plants.

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Abbreviations

1,3BPGA:

1,3 bisphosphoglycerate

3PGA:

3-phosphoglycerate

Aldolase:

fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase

CBB:

Calvin-Benson-Bassham

cpDNA:

chloroplast DNA

CTE:

C-terminal extension

DHAP:

dihydroxyacetone phosphate

DTT:

dithiothreitol

E4P:

erythrose 4-phosphate

F1,6BP:

fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

F6P:

fructose 6-phosphate

FBPase:

fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase

FTR:

ferredoxin/thioredoxin reductase

GA3P:

glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

GAPDH:

glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase

MDH:

malate dehydrogenase

PGK:

phosphoglycerate kinase

P1:

inorganic phosphate

PRK:

phosphoribulose kinase

R5P:

ribose-5-phosphate

RPE:

ribulose-5-phosphate 3-epimerase

RPI:

ribose 5-phosphate isomerase

Ru 1,5BP:

ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate

Ru5P:

ribulose-5-phosphate

Rubisco:

ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase

SBPase:

sedohep-tulose-1,7-bisphosphatase

Su1,7BP:

sedoheptulose 1,7-bisphosphate

Su7P:

sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

Td:

thioredoxin

TKL:

transketolase

TPI:

triosephosphate isomerase

Xu5P:

xylulose 5-phosphate

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Genetik, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Spielmannstr. 7, D-38023, Braunschweig, Germany

    William Martin

  2. Pflanzenphysiologie, FB 5 Biologie/Chemie, Universität Osnabrück, D-49069, Osnabrück, Germany

    Renate Scheibe

  3. Institut für Pflanzenphysiologie und Mikrobiologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 12-16a, D-14195, Berlin, Germany

    Claus Schnarrenberger

Authors
  1. William Martin
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  2. Renate Scheibe
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  3. Claus Schnarrenberger
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Robert Hill Institute, University of Sheffield, UK

    Richard C. Leegood

  2. Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, USA

    Thomas D. Sharkey

  3. Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University, Australia

    Susanne von Caemmerer

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© 2000 Kluwer Academic Publishers

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Martin, W., Scheibe, R., Schnarrenberger, C. (2000). The Calvin Cycle and Its Regulation. In: Leegood, R.C., Sharkey, T.D., von Caemmerer, S. (eds) Photosynthesis. Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration, vol 9. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48137-5_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48137-5_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-6143-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-306-48137-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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