Summary
In summary, overtones and combination modes have been identified in the second-order spectra for the two dominant features in the first-order spectra (the radial breathing mode and the tangential mode) that are associated with the resonant Raman enhancement process arising from the 1D electronic density of states. Just as for the case of the first-order spectra, the resonant contributions to the second-order spectra also involve a different set of (n, m) nanotubes at each laser excitation energy Elaser. A second-order analog is observed for the broad spectral band identified with contributions from metallic nanotubes to the first-order tangential mode spectra. The unique feature of the second-order tangential overtone band shows a larger Elaser range over which the metallic nanotubes contribute, and this effect is attributed to the large (ħωphononç04eV) energy of these phonons. Combination modes associated with (ωtang+ωRBM) and (ωtang+2ωRBM) have been identified. These combination modes show behaviors as a function ofElaser that are consistent with the behavior of their first-order constituents, namely that different nanotubes contribute to the spectra at each value of Elaser. The behavior of the ‘D-band’ and G-band features show a very large phonon frequency dependence on Elaser and show a resonant 2D behavior when the electron and phonon wave vectors coincide, as also occurs in other sp2 carbons.
Future Raman studies are likely to explore the relation between the Stokes and the anti-Stokes spectra as a function of Elaser. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is likely to be explored as a method for achieving much higher sensitivity, allowing exploration of the vibrational spectra of a small number of nanotubes and perhaps even eventually the Raman spectrum of a single nanotube.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
A. M. Rao, E. Richter, S. Bandow, B. Chase, P. C. Eklund, K. W. Williams, M. Menon, K. R. Subbaswamy, A. Thess, R. E. Smalley, G. Dresselhaus, and M. S. Dresselhaus, Science 275, 187–191 (1997).
M. A. Pimenta, A. Marucci, S. Empedocles, M. Bawendi, E. B. Hanlon, A. M. Rao, P. C. Eklund, R. E. Smalley, G. Dresselhaus, and M. S. Dresselhaus, Phys. Rev. B 58, R16012–R16015 (1998).
M. S. Dresselhaus, G. Dresselhaus, M. A. Pimenta, and P. C. Eklund. pages 367–434, Blackwell Science Ltd., Oxford, UK, 1999. Analytical Applications of Raman Spectroscopy.
Jean-Christophe Charlier. Private communication.
C. Journet, W. K. Maser, P. Bernier, A. Loiseau, M. Lamy de la Chapelle, S. Lefrant, P. Deniard, R. Lee, and J. E. Fischer, Nature (London) 388, 756–758 (1997).
Y. Saito, Y. Tani, N. Miyagawa, K. Mitsushima, A. Kasuya, and Y. Nishina, Chem. Phys. Lett. 294, 593–598 (1998).
M. Sugano, A. Kasuya, K. Tohji, Y. Saito, and Y. Nishina, Chem. Phys. Lett. 292, 575–579 (1998).
H. Kuzmany, B. Burger, M. Hulman, J. Kurti, A. G. Rinzler, and R. E. Smalley, Europhys. Lett. 44, 518–524 (1998).
A. Kasuya, M. Sugano, Y. Sasaki, T. Maeda, Y. Saito, K. Tohji, H. Takahashi, Y. Sasaki, M. Fukushima, Y. Nishina, and C. Horie, Phys. Rev. B 57, 4999 (1998).
E. Anlaret, N. Bendiab, T. Guillard, C. Journet, G. Flamant, D. Laplaze, P. Bernier, and J-L Sauvajol, Carbon 36, 1815–1820 (1998).
H. Kuzmany, B. Burger, A. Thess, and R. E. Smalley, Carbon 36, 709–712 (1998).
S. D. M. Brown, P. Corio, A. Marucci, M. A. Pimenta, M. S. Dresselhaus, and G. Dresselhaus, (unpublished).
G. Dresselhaus, M. A. Pimenta, R. Saito, J.C. Charlier, S. D. M. Brown, P. Corio, A. Marucci, and M. S. Dresselhaus. In Science and Applications of Nanotubes, edited by D. Tománek and R. J. Enbody, Kluwer Academic, New York, 1999. Proceedings of the International Workshop on the Science and Applications of Nanotubes, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA, July 24–27, 1999.
H. Kataura, Y. Kumazawa, N. Kojima, Y. Maniwa, I. Umezu, S. Masubuchi, S. Kazama, X. Zhao, Y. Ando, Y. Ohtsuka, S. Suzuki, and Y. Achiba.In Proc. of the Int. Winter School on Electronic Properties of Novel Materials (IWEPNM’99), edited by H. Kuzmany, M. Mehring, and J. Fink, page unpublished (in press), American Institute of Physics, Woodbury, N.Y., 1999. AIP conference proceeding.
M. S. Dresselhaus, G. Dresselhaus, and P. C. Eklund, tScience of Fullerenes and Carbon Nanotubes (Academic Press, New York, NY, 1996).
R. Saito, G. Dresselhaus, and M. S. Dresselhaus, Physical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes (Imperial College Press, London, 1998).
R. A. Jishi, L. Venkataraman, M. S. Dresselhaus, and G. Dresselhaus, Chem. Phys. Lett. 209, 77–82 (1993).
M. J. Matthews, M. A. Pimenta, G. Dresselhaus, M. S. Dresselhaus, and M. Endo, Phys. Rev. B 59, R6585 (1999).
M. A. Pimenta, E. B. Hanlon, A. Marucci, P. Corio, S. D. M. Brown, S. Empedocles, M. Bawendi, G. Dresselhaus, and M. S. Dresselhaus, (unpublished).
M. S. Dresselhaus and G. Dresselhaus, Light Scattering in Solids III 51, 3 (1982). edited by M. Cardona and G. Güntherodt, Springer-Verlag Berlin, Topics in Applied Physics.
M. S. Dresselhaus, P. C. Eklund, and M. A. Pimenta. In Raman Scattering in Materials Science, edited by W. Weber and R. Merlin, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1999. in press.
P. C. Eklund, J. M. Holden, and R. A. Jishi, Carbon 33, 959 (1995).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2002 Kluwer Academic Publishers
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Dresselhaus, M. et al. (2002). First and Second-Order Resonant Raman Spectra of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. In: Thorpe, M.F., Tománek, D., Enbody, R.J. (eds) Science and Application of Nanotubes. Fundamental Materials Research. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47098-5_20
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47098-5_20
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-0-306-46372-3
Online ISBN: 978-0-306-47098-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive