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Buying Behaviors versus Building Community

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No One Eats Alone
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Abstract

“Legislation is one thing; behavioral change is something else entirely.” This obsevation came from Nicole, a nutritionist employed by the USDA within its Food and Nutrition Service agency. We were discussing the challenge of getting school-age kids to eat differently. A few years back, the federal government introduced a new rule requiring schools to serve an extra $5.4 million worth of fruits and vegetables in lunchrooms across all fifty states daily. Nicole described this particular piece of legislation as “eye-opening,” for it made her realize that “offering healthier options and having kids actually eat healthy are two completely different challenges.” She added, only half-jokingly: “What that legislation really amounted to is it increased fruit and vegetable waste in our schools by some $5.4 million daily.” US schools are actually wasting $3.8 million of that $5.8 million daily investment, according to one study. Regardless of the actual figure, there is a lot of food being wasted in our schools—even more now, thanks to those new federal school-meal rules, which arose out of the 2010 Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Watanabe, T. 2014. “Solutions Sought to Reduce Food Waste at Schools,” Los Angeles Times, April 1, http://www.latimes.com/local/la-me-lausd-waste-20140402-story.html, accessed November 27, 2015.

  2. 2.

    Georg Christoph Lichtenberg, the eighteenth-century German scientist and satirist, once wrote that “the most dangerous of all falsehoods is a slightly distorted truth” (The Waste Books).

  3. 3.

    Just, D., and J. Price. 2013. “Default Options, Incentives, and Food Choices: Evidence from Elementary-School Children,” Public Health Nutrition 16 (12): 2281–88; Just, D., and J. Price. 2013. “Using Incentives to Encourage Healthy Eating in Children,” Journal of Human Resources 48 (4): 855–72.

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    Gneezy, U., S. Meier, and P. Rey-Biel. 2011. “When and Why Incentives (Don’t) Work to Modify Behavior,” Journal of Economic Perspectives 25 (4): 191–210; Kamenica, E. 2012. “Behavioral Economics and Psychology of Incentives,” American Review of Economics 4 (13): 1–26.

  5. 5.

    See, for example: Titmuss, R. 1970. The Gift Relationship. London: Allen and Unwin.

  6. 6.

    Gneezy, U., and A. Rustichini. 2000. “Pay Enough or Don’t Pay At All,” Quarterly Journal of Economics 115 (3): 791–810.

  7. 7.

    North, A., D. Hargreaves, and J. McKendrick. 1997. “In-Store Music Affects Product Choice,” Nature 390: 132.

  8. 8.

    Vohs, K., N. Mead, and M. Goode. 2006. “The Psychological Consequences of Money,” Science 314: 1154–56.

  9. 9.

    Rogers, E. 2003. Diffusion of Innovations. New York: Free Press, 5.

  10. 10.

    Marisa Michael, personal interview, October 22, 2014.

  11. 11.

    Carolan, Michael. 2016. “More-than-Active Food Citizens: A Longitudinal and Comparative Study of Alternative and Conventional Eaters,” Rural Sociology, DOI: 10.1111/ruso.12120.

  12. 12.

    Hunt, G., and N. Azrin. 1973. “A Community-Reinforcement Approach to Alcoholism,” Behaviour Research and Therapy 11: 91–104.

  13. 13.

    See, for example: Lewallen, T., H. Hunt, W. Potts-Datema, S. Zaza, and W. Giles. 2015. “The Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child Model: A New Approach for Improving Educational Attainment and Healthy Development for Students,” Journal of School Health 85 (11): 729–39; Flora, C., and A. Gillespie. 2009. “Making Healthy Choices to Reduce Childhood Obesity: Community Capitals and Food and Fitness,” Community Development 40 (2): 114–22.

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© 2017 Michael S. Carolan

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Carolan, M.S. (2017). Buying Behaviors versus Building Community. In: No One Eats Alone. Island Press, Washington, DC. https://doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-806-0_8

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