Abstract
We began our research on worldwide cases of marine ecosystem-based management (MEBM) assuming that we would find exemplars that could be used to create a model process, but those exemplars proved elusive. There is no single way to advance MEBM; rather, there are multiple ways to incorporate an MEBM perspective into management. We observed many places where people were trying to advance ecosystem considerations in decision making, following different paths, responding to different issues, and employing different strategies. All were steadfast in their insistence that they were still trying to figure it out. Yet their efforts reveal valuable insights about the critical factors that enable and sustain an MEBM process.
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Notes
- 1.
See citations in chapter 1, note 2.
- 2.
Roger Fisher, William Ury, and Bruce Patton, Getting to YES: Negotiating Agreement without Giving In, 2nd ed. (New York: Penguin Books, 1991); Lawrence Susskind, Sarah McKearnan, and Jennifer Thomas-Larmer, The Consensus Building Handbook: A Comprehensive Guide to Reaching Agreement (Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 1999.)
- 3.
Morgan Gopnik, From the Forest to the Sea: Public Land Management and Marine Spatial Planning (New York: Routledge, 2014).
- 4.
USDA-Forest Service, “Sierra Nevada Forest Plan Implementation,” accessed March 30, 2016, http://www.fs.usda.gov/detail/r5/landmanagement/planning/?cid=stelprdb5349922; USDA-Forest Service, “Northwest Forest Plan,” accessed March 30, 2016, http://www.fs.usda.gov/detail/r6/landmanagement/planning/?cid=fsbdev2_026990.
- 5.
Unless otherwise indicated, this quotation and all subsequent quotations in the chapter are taken from telephone interviews conducted with the named respondent by the authors or their research assistants, January 2009 to December 2010.
- 6.
Steven L. Yaffee, “Collaborative Strategies for Managing Animal Migrations: Insights from the History of Ecosystem-Based Management,” Environmental Law 41 (2011): 655–79.
- 7.
Testimony of Dante Fascell before the U.S. House Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries, May 10, 1990, reprinted in Hearing on HR 3719, To Establish the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, Serial No. 101–94 (Washington: Government Printing Office, 1990), p. 6.
- 8.
David Olinger, “Preserving the Keys: A Sanctuary within the Sea,” St. Petersburg Times, January 29, 1997.
- 9.
Quoted in William Booth, “‘Zoning’ the Sea: New Plan for Florida Keys Arouses Storm,” The Washington Post, October 17, 1993, accessed August 24, 2016, www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1993/10/17/zoning-the-sea-new-plan-for-florida-keys-arouses-storm/ee55f0a0-ad00-413d-842d-ccb33f6befb1.
- 10.
Yaffee, “Collaborative Strategies for Managing Animal Migrations.”
- 11.
See, e.g., Dale Goble, Michael J. Scott, and Frank W. Davis, eds., The Endangered Species Act at Thirty: Renewing the Conservation Commitment (Washington, DC: Island Press, 2006); C. M. Weible, “Caught in a Maelstrom: Implementing California Marine Protected Areas,” Coastal Management 36 (2008): 350–73; Steven L. Yaffee, Prohibitive Policy: Implementing the Endangered Species Act (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1982).
- 12.
Our prescription here is similar to Kai Lee’s compass and gyroscope analogy. See Kai N. Lee, Compass and Gyroscope: Integrating Science and Politics for the Environment (Washington, DC: Island Press, 1993).
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© 2017 Julia M. Wondolleck and Steven L. Yaffee
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Wondolleck, J.M., Yaffee, S.L. (2017). Implications for Policy and Practice. In: Marine Ecosystem-Based Management in Practice. Island Press, Washington, DC. https://doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-800-8_9
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