Abstract
Shanghai freeway network at night.
Shanghai Basics
City population: 24.2 million
City area: 6,341 square kilometers
Population density: 3,809 inhabitants per square kilometer
Source: See endnote 1.
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Notes
- 1.
Population and area data from Shanghai Municipal Government website: www.shanghai.gov.cn (in Mandarin).
- 2.
National Development Reform Commission (NDRC), The 11th Five-Year Plan, www.gov.cn/english/2006-03/23/content_234832.htm; NDRC, The 12th Five-Year Plan, www.cbichina.org.cn/cbichina/upload/fckeditor/Full%20Translation%20of%20the%2012th%20Five-Year%20Plan.pdf.
- 3.
Shanghai Municipal Government, The 12th Five-Year Plan, www.shdrc.gov.cn/main?main_colid=498&top_id=398&main_artid=19079 (in Mandarin).
- 4.
Shanghai Municipal Government, The 11th Five-Year Plan on Energy Development, September 29, 2006, www.pkulaw.cn/fulltext_form.aspx?Db=lar&Gid=16889806&EncodingName=big5 (in Mandarin).
- 5.
Shanghai Municipal Government, The 11th Five-Year Plan on Energy Conservation, January 26, 2007, www.pkulaw.cn/fulltext_form.aspx?Gid=16920548&Db=lar&EncodingName=big5 (in Mandarin); Shanghai Municipal Government, The 12th Five-Year Plan on Industrial Energy Conservation and Comprehensive Utilization, www.sheitc.gov.cn (in Mandarin).
- 6.
Shanghai Municipal Government, The 11th Five-Year Plan on Environmental Protection and Ecological Construction, November 12, 2007, www.shanghai.gov.cn/nw2/nw2314/nw2319/nw10800/nw11407/nw16795/u26aw12669.html (in Mandarin).
- 7.
Shanghai Municipal Government, Managing Rules for Carbon Emission Trading, November 18, 2013, www.shanghai.gov.cn/nw2/nw2314/nw2319/nw11494/nw12654/nw31364/u26aw37414.html (in Mandarin).
- 8.
Shanghai Municipal Government, New Energy Vehicles Promotion Plan, June 5, 2014, http://news.china.com.cn/2015lianghui/2015-02/28/content_34912935.htm (in Mandarin).
- 9.
Shanghai Statistical Bureau, Shanghai Statistical Year Book 2006–2013, www.stats-sh.gov.cn/data/release.xhtml (in Mandarin).
- 10.
Ibid.; offshore wind data from Wikipedia, https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7%E6%9D%B1%E6%B5%B7%E5%A4%A7%E6%A9%8B%E6%B5%B7%E4%B8%8A%E9%A2%A8%E9%9B%BB%E5%A0%B4 (in Mandarin).
- 11.
Shanghai Municipal Government, The 12th Five-Year Plan on Industrial Development, December 28, 2011, www.shanghai.gov.cn/nw2/nw2314/nw2319/nw10800/nw11407/nw25262/u26aw30908.html (in Mandarin); 2013 sectoral data from Shanghai Statistical Bureau, Shanghai Statistical Year Book 2006–2013.
- 12.
Shanghai Municipal Government, The 12th Five-Year Plan on Energy Conservation and Climate Change, March 28, 2012, www.shanghai.gov.cn/nw2/nw2314/nw2319/nw22396/nw22403/u21aw597380.html (in Mandarin).
- 13.
“Shanghai Achieved Its 11th Five-Year Plan’s Energy Intensity Target,” http://forum.home.news.cn/detail/99771912/1.html (in Mandarin).
- 14.
“Shanghai Carbon Market Overview,” www.ce.cn/cysc/ny/gdxw/201512/01/t20151201_7218182.shtml (in Mandarin); Shanghai Statistical Bureau, Shanghai Statistical Year Book 2006–2013.
- 15.
“New Energy Vehicles Sales Booming in Shanghai,” www.dlev.com/39063.html (in Mandarin).
- 16.
“Shanghai Metro,” Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_Metro.
- 17.
Shanghai Municipal Government, The 12th Five-Year Plan on Environmental Protection and Ecological Construction, April 11, 2012, www.shanghai.gov.cn/shanghai/node2314/node25307/node25455/node25459/u21ai602117.html (in Mandarin).
- 18.
Shanghai Municipal Government, “Regarding Phase III of the Dongtan Eco-city Land Reserve,” November 23, 2015, www.shgtj.gov.cn/2011/gcjsxx/xmxx/ghxzyj/201511/t20151130_671266.html (in Mandarin).
- 19.
“Shanghai High-rise Fire Death Toll Rises to 58,” Xinhua News Agency, November 19, 2010.
- 20.
Shanghai Statistical Bureau, Shanghai Statistical Year Book 2006–2013.
- 21.
“Thousands Protest in Shanghai Suburb Over Chemical Plant Fears,” Reuters, June 27, 2015.
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Ma, H. (2016). CITY VIEW: Shanghai, China. In: State of the World. State of the World. Island Press, Washington, DC. https://doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-756-8_8
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