Abstract
Every week, about 3 million people move to cities worldwide. Over the coming decades, such migration will contribute to an increase in the urban share of the global population from 54 percent in 2014 to 66 percent in 2050. Although migration is not a new phenomenon, the current pace of rural-urban migration, both within and between countries, is unprecedented. In developing and emerging economies, this has led to the mushrooming of megacities such as Cairo, Jakarta, Lagos, Manila, and Mumbai. However, cities are not only growing in population, but also becoming increasingly diverse and ethnically heterogeneous. This twofold process poses great challenges, as cities have to manage the multi-faceted integration of their arriving newcomers into society and urban life, as well as ensure continued social cohesion.
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Notes
- 1.
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Boucher and Samad, “Introduction. Social Cohesion and Social Change in Europe”; Peters, Elands, and Buijs, “Social Interactions in Urban Parks”; Talja Blokland, Carlotta Giustozzi, and Franziska Schreiber, “The Social Dimensions of Urban Transformation: Contemporary Diversity in Global North Cities and the Challenges for Urban Cohesion,” in Harald A. Mieg and Klaus Töpfer, Institutional and Social Innovation for Sustainable Urban Development (Oxon and New York: Routledge, 2013), 125.
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Franke and Strauss, Management gebietsbezogener integrativer Stadtteilentwicklung.
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Ellen Højgaard Jensen and Asger Munk, Kvaterløft. 10 Years of Urban Regeneration. Ministry of Refugees, Immigration and Integration Affairs (Copenhagen: 2007).
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Jan Gehl, Cities for People (Washington, DC: Island Press, 2010).
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Gehl, Cities for People, 7.
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Institute for Transportation and Development Policy – China, Best Practices in Urban Development in the Pearl River Delta (Guangzhou: December 2012), 81–88.
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UN-Habitat, Streets as Tools for Urban Transformation in Slums. A Street-led Approach to Citywide Slum Upgrading (Nairobi: 2012), 15.
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Julio D. Dávila and Diana Daste, “Aerial Cable-Cars in Medellín, Colombia: Social Inclusion and Reduced Emissions,” in Mark Swilling et al., City-Level Decoupling: Urban Resource Flows and the Governance of Infrastructure Transitions. Case Studies from Selected Cities. A Report of the Working Group on Cities of the International Resource Panel (Paris: United Nations Environment Programme, 2013), 47–48.
- 29.
Ibid.
- 30.
Gehl, Cities for People, xii.
- 31.
Link Arkitektur, “Stranden – Aker Brygge,” http://linkarkitektur.com/en/Projects/Stranden-Aker-Brygge.
- 32.
Justus Uitermark, “‘Social Mixing’ and the Management of Disadvantaged Neighbourhoods: The Dutch Policy of Urban Restructuring Revisited, Urban Studies 40, no. 3 (2003): 531–49.
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Schreiber, F., Carius, A. (2016). The Inclusive City: Urban Planning for Diversity and Social Cohesion. In: State of the World. State of the World. Island Press, Washington, DC. https://doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-756-8_27
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