Abstract
Five minutes after leaving a tropical city one of the plane’s two engines dies. The plane begins dropping. Rich primeval rainforest awaits on one side, and town-dotted farmland on the other. Someone snaps an instant photograph, carries it to the open cockpit, and the pilot explodes in laughter. The passengers remain petrified until we slip over a ridge and bounce onto an unlighted runway.
Nature, the earth herself, is the only panacea.
—Henry David Thoreau, Journal, 1859
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References
Note: The list of references in Forman’s essay “Foundations” is too extensive to be presented here in its entirety (298 articles). As such, I present his books and articles referenced in this essay and direct the reader to his book Land Mosaics (New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1995), 3–38, for a complete list of the references.
Cantwell, Margot D., and Richard T. T. Forman. “Landscape Graphs: Ecological Modeling with Graph Theory to Detect Configurations Common to Diverse Landscapes.” Landscape Ecology 8, no. 4 (1993): 239–55.
Forman, Richard T. T. “Ecologically Sustainable Landscapes: The Role of Spatial Configuration.” In Changing Landscapes: An Ecological Perspective, 261–78. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1990.
Forman, Richard T. T. “Emerging Directions in Landscape Ecology and Applications in Natural Resource Management.” Proceedings of the Conference on Science in the National Parks: The Plenary Sessions, vol. 1 (1986): 59–88.
Forman, Richard T. T. “Growth under Controlled Conditions to Explain the Hierarchical Distributions of a Moss, Tetraphis Pellucida.” Ecological Monographs (1964): 2–25.
Forman, Richard T. T. “Landscape Corridors: from Theoretical Foundations to Public Policy.” Nature Conservation 2 (1991): 71–84.
Forman, Richard T. T. “Landscape Ecology Plans for Managing Forests.” In Proceedings of the Society of American Foresters, 131–36. Bethesda, Maryland: Society of American Foresters, 1988.
Forman, Richard T. T. “The Beginnings of Landscape Ecology in America.” In Changing Landscapes: An Ecological Perspective, 35–41. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1990.
Forman, Richard T. T. “The Pine Barrens of New Jersey: An Ecological Mosaic.” Pine Barrens: Ecosystem and Landscape (1998): 569–85.
Forman, Richard T. T, ed. Pine Barrens: Ecosystem and Landscape. New York: Academic Press, 1979.
Forman, Richard T. T., and Isaak Samuel Zonneveld. Changing Landscapes: An Ecological Perspective. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1990.
Forman, Richard T. T., and Michel Godron. “Patches and Structural Components for a Landscape Ecology.” BioScience (1981): 733–40.
Forman, Richard T. T., Landscape Ecology. New York: John Wiley, 1986.
Forman, Richard T. T., and Perry N. Moore. “Theoretical Foundations for Understanding Boundaries in Landscape Mosaics.” In Landscape Boundaries, 236–58. New York: Springer, 1992.
Forman, Richard T. T., and Ralph E. Boerner. “Fire Frequency and the Pine Barrens of New Jersey.” Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club (1981): 34–50.
Franklin, Jerry F., and Richard T. T. Forman. “Creating Landscape Patterns by Forest Cutting: Ecological Consequences and Principles.” Landscape Ecology 1, no. 1 (1987): 5–18.
Hardt Richard A., and Richard T T Forman. “Boundary Form Effects on Woody Colonization of Reclaimed Surface Mines.” Ecology (1989): 1252–60.
Milne, Bruce T., Kevin M. Johnston, and Richard T. T. Forman. “Scale-Dependent Proximity of Wildlife Habitat in a Spatially-Neutral Bayesian Model.” Landscape Ecology 2, no. 2 (1989): 101–10.
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© 2014 Forster O. Ndubisi
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Forman, R.T.T. (2014). Foundations. In: Ndubisi, F.O. (eds) The Ecological Design and Planning Reader. Island Press, Washington, DC. https://doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-491-8_21
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