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The Therapeutic Use of Natural-Killer Cells in Hematological Malignancies

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Immunotherapy of Cancer

Part of the book series: Cancer Drug Discovery and Development ((CDD&D))

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Abstract

The role of natural-killer (NK) cells in the treatment of hematological malignancies has been investigated intensively during the past three decades. Until recently, the majority of research has focused on the use of in vitro or in vivo cytokine-expanded and -activated NK cells against autologous cancer cells, with generally disappointing results. The lack of observed efficacy of past attempts to harness the antitumor effect of NK cells can now be explained largely by inhibitory interactions between major histocompatibility complex class I molecules expressed on tumor cells and inhibitory receptors on NK cells. Better appreciation of how NK cells selectively recognize and kill target cells while sparing normal cells is evolving. Major families of cell surface receptors that inhibit and activate NK cells to lyse target cells have been characterized, including killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors, C-type lectins, and natural cytotoxicity receptors. In addition, identification of NK cell receptor ligands and their expression on normal and transformed cells is becoming better elucidated. The improved understanding of NK cell receptor biology has paved the way for development of novel and rational clinical approaches to manipulating receptor-ligand interactions for immunotherapy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Hematology and Oncoloy, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, College of Medicine and Publich Health, Columbus, OH

    Sherif S. Farag MD, PhD

  2. Division of Hematology and Oncology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine and Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH

    Michael A. Caligiuri MD

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  1. Sherif S. Farag MD, PhD
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  1. University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA

    Mary L. Disis MD

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Farag, S.S., Caligiuri, M.A. (2006). The Therapeutic Use of Natural-Killer Cells in Hematological Malignancies. In: Disis, M.L. (eds) Immunotherapy of Cancer. Cancer Drug Discovery and Development. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59745-011-1:415

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