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Tumor-Reactive T-Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy

  • Chapter
Immunotherapy of Cancer

Part of the book series: Cancer Drug Discovery and Development ((CDD&D))

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Abstract

Adoptive T-cell therapy is based on specificity and efficacy, two essentials known to be necessary for successful cancer therapy. Tumor-reactive T-cells potentially display both characteristics in terms of antigen recognition and antitumor activity. In recent years, novel technologies have been established for the identification, isolation, activation, and expansion of human T-cells, which have greatly facilitated the further development of adoptive T-cell transfer regimens. Lessons learned from the first clinical trials revealed that the complexity of the in vivo environment interferes with the efficacy of transferred T-cells, such as tolerance induction and outgrowth of tumor escape variants. The results from these studies can be concluded by the following critical, but nevertheless encouraging, statement: “Tumor regressions observed after adoptive Tcell transfer are too frequent to be spontaneous.” As these trials are not solely conducted for treating cancer patients, but also for research on human beings, the resulting scientific observations have increased our understanding of T-cell activation, homing, and survival, as well as of the possibility of disrupting regulatory mechanisms. The knowledge drawn from the first generation of transfer studies can be implemented in the next generation of clinical trials. T-cell-based immunotherapy regimens are currently being combined with other immunological strategies in order to coordinate an effective attack against tumors. Further development of combinatorial therapies involving immunological and molecular technologies will offer the means to tailor adoptive transfer of T-cell immunity for each cancer patient.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Hematology/Oncology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany

    Helga Bernhard MD

  2. Clinical Cooperation Group Vaccinology, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg, Germany

    Helga Bernhard MD

  3. Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany

    Helga Bernhard MD & Dirk H. Busch

  4. Department of Hematology/Oncology, Technical University of Munich and Clinical Cooperation Group Vaccinology, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg, Germany

    Julia Neudorfer

  5. Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany

    Julia Neudorfer

  6. Department of Hematology/Oncology, GSF—National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg, Germany

    Kerstin Gebhard

  7. Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany

    Kerstin Gebhard

  8. Department of Hematology/Oncology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany

    Heinke Conrad BS

  9. Department of Microbiology/Immunology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany

    Dirk H. Busch

  10. Clinical Cooperation Group Vaccinology, GSF—National Research Center for Environment and Health, Neuherberg, Germany

    Dirk H. Busch

  11. Department of Hematology/Oncology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany

    Christian Peschel MD

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  1. Helga Bernhard MD
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  2. Julia Neudorfer
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  3. Kerstin Gebhard
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  4. Heinke Conrad BS
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  5. Dirk H. Busch
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  6. Christian Peschel MD
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  1. University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA

    Mary L. Disis MD

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© 2006 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ

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Bernhard, H., Neudorfer, J., Gebhard, K., Conrad, H., Busch, D.H., Peschel, C. (2006). Tumor-Reactive T-Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy. In: Disis, M.L. (eds) Immunotherapy of Cancer. Cancer Drug Discovery and Development. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59745-011-1:167

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