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Neural Progenitor Cells of the Adult Human Brain

  • Chapter
Book cover Neural Development and Stem Cells

Part of the book series: Contemporary Neuroscience ((CNEURO))

Abstract

Over the past two decades, studies of cell genesis in the adult vertebrate brain have revealed the persistence of neural progenitor cells in both the neuroepithelial lining of the cerebral ventricles and the developmentally contiguous hippocampal dentate gyrus. Competent neural progenitor cells have been identified in adult fish, reptiles, birds, rodents, monkeys, and humans (1,2). Across phylogeny, both multipotential and phenotypically restricted progenitors populate the ventricular lining (3–7), within which they appear to be largely subependymal in origin (8,9). These subependymal neural progenitor cells extend throughout the adult ventricular system (10–12), persist throughout adult life (13,14), and may include or derive from multipotential founders (15–17). Although ependymal cells have also been reported to include multipotential progenitors (18), this observation remains controversial and as yet unverified. Rather, most studies have pointed to the existence in adults of a subependymal progenitor cell population, which remains neurogenic in selected regions, such as the avian neostriatum and rodent olfactory bulb, but that more typically is quiescent unless activated (17,19), then yielding either glia or short-lived neuronal progeny (18,20).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Division of Cell and Gene Therapy, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY

    Steven A. Goldman

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  1. National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD

    Mahendra S. Rao MBBS, PhD

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Goldman, S.A. (2006). Neural Progenitor Cells of the Adult Human Brain. In: Rao, M.S. (eds) Neural Development and Stem Cells. Contemporary Neuroscience. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-914-1:267

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