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The Ilizarov Technique for Bone Regeneration and Repair

  • Chapter
Bone Regeneration and Repair

Abstract

G.A.Ilizarov embarked on his remarkable medical career as a general physician in the small industrial town of Kurgan,east of the Ural Mountains in Siberia of the former Soviet Union (69,73, 96). The year was 1944,and the majority of his patients suffered musculoskeletal injuries during World War II.Antibiotics,although available in the Western world,were scarce in Siberia,where chronic osteomyelitis with bone deficiencies,nonunions,and deformities were so common that Ilizarov found himself practicing orthopedics of necessity.In part through serendipity and in part through his own genius and tenacity,he developed the method that bears his name (69, 73, 96).Using modular ring external fixators and transosseous wires tensioned to the rings to stabilize the bone fragments,he introduced the concept of local bone regeneration using minimally invasive surgery (96).His clinical successes in salvaging preamputation limbs and returning completely disabled patients to normal activity levels eventually spread by word of mouth throughout the Communist bloc of countries (69, 73). By 1981 a group of Italian orthopedic surgeons had learned of his technique,mastered it,and subsequently published it in didactic textbooks (9).In order to disseminate the device and the technique, these Italian orthopedic surgeons organized national societies under the title of A.S.A.M.I.—Association for the Study and Application of the Methods of Ilizarov (9).More recently,the method was introduced in North America,where it has been adopted primarily by pediatric orthopedic surgeons for limb lengthening (11, 49, 120, 127).Some US orthopedic surgeons have expanded their practice to include the Ilizarov method for adults with severe deformities,nonunions,and bone deficiencies from trauma, infections, or tumors (39, 42, 43, 46, 76, 78, 99, 114, 124, 129, 142).Many research centers have utilized the method to study bone formation, in part corroborating Ilizarov’s own research and in part extending the insights into regeneration of both bone and soft tissues under mechanical distraction (8, 9, 55, 107, 174, 179).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Arkansas Children’s Hospital, Little Rock, AR

    James Aronson MD (Chief of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Professor)

  2. Departments of Orthopaedics and Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR

    James Aronson MD (Chief of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Professor)

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  1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA

    Jay R. Lieberman MD

  2. Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT

    Gary E. Friedlaender MD

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Aronson, J. (2005). The Ilizarov Technique for Bone Regeneration and Repair. In: Lieberman, J.R., Friedlaender, G.E. (eds) Bone Regeneration and Repair. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-863-3:195

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