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Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Multiple Sclerosis

  • Chapter
Multiple Sclerosis

Part of the book series: Current Clinical Neurology ((CCNEU))

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by demyelination and axonal loss for which the exact immunopathogenic mechanisms underlying disease initiation and progression are unknown. In the last two decades, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become the most important laboratory diagnostic and monitoring tool in MS (1). Moreover, MRI is 5 to 10 times more sensitive than clinical data in the assessment of disease activity (2). The sensitivity of T2-weighted images (T2-WI) in detection of MS lesions, together with the ability of gadolinium (Gd)-enhanced T1-WI to reflect increased blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability associated with active inflammatory activity, allows the demonstration of spatial and temporal dissemination of MS lesions earlier than is possible from clinical assessments. Therefore, in the last decade, metrics derived from conventional MRI have been widely employed in therapeutic clinical trials (3–6). Several conventional MRI protocols, in conjunction with clinical assessment, are now routinely used to detect therapeutic effects and extend clinical observations (7).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, The Jacobs Neurological Institute and Baird MS Research Center, Department of Neurology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY

    Robert Zivadinov PhD, MD

  2. Center for Neurological Imaging, Partners Multiple Sclerosis Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA

    Rohit Bakshi MD

  3. Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA

    Rohit Bakshi MD

  4. Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA

    Rohit Bakshi MD

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  1. Robert Zivadinov PhD, MD
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  2. Rohit Bakshi MD
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA

    Michael J. Olek DO

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© 2005 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ

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Zivadinov, R., Bakshi, R. (2005). Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Multiple Sclerosis. In: Olek, M.J. (eds) Multiple Sclerosis. Current Clinical Neurology. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-855-2:055

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-855-2:055

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-033-5

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