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Genetic Modeling of Glioma Formation in Mice

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Brain Tumors

Part of the book series: Contemporary Cancer Research ((CCR))

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Abstract

In humans, gliomas are the most common form of primary brain tumors. These tumors are traditionally categorized, based on their histological features, into several groups with the majority displaying either astrocytic or oligodendroglial differentiation. Both groups can appear as high-grade (malignant) or low-grade forms of tumor. In addition, tumors present that carry mixed features of oligodendroglial and astrocytic components (159). To date, a wide variety of genetic and environmental factors have been found to represent a causal link in gliomagenesis. One of the best established environmental causes of human gliomas is ionizing radiation, which was demonstrated in follow-up studies of patients who received treatment for acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), craniopharyngioma, or pituitary adenoma during childhood (21,293). Furthermore, patients with certain enzyme deficiencies are particularly susceptible to develop gliomas upon exposure to particular chemicals (87,237). Patients with neurofibromatosis I and II (137,143,159,163), Li-Fraumeni (176), and Turcot’s syndrome (115) are predisposed to develop high-grade astrocytoma. An increased tumor incidence, particularly lymphomas, but also gliomas and medulloblastomas were described in ataxia-teleangiectasia (200). Some familial gliomas are related to mutations in TP53 (161,169,185), CHK2 (18, 288) or the p16 INK4A/p14ARF locus (8,270); others exist in the absence of a known genetic syndrome (108,182). Familial gliomas represent only a small fraction of all gliomas; the majority of gliomas are sporadic.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany

    Martin Begemann MD

  2. Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY

    Vinagolu K. Rajasekhar MPhil, PhD

  3. Department of Pathology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX

    Gregory N. Fuller MD, PhD

  4. Department of Surgery (Neurosurgery), New York, NY

    Eric C. Holland MD, PhD

  5. Department of Neurology, New York, NY

    Eric C. Holland MD, PhD

  6. Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, New York, NY

    Eric C. Holland MD, PhD

Authors
  1. Martin Begemann MD
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  2. Vinagolu K. Rajasekhar MPhil, PhD
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  3. Gregory N. Fuller MD, PhD
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  4. Eric C. Holland MD, PhD
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC

    Francis Ali-Osman DSc

  2. Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC

    Francis Ali-Osman DSc

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© 2005 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ

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Begemann, M., Rajasekhar, V.K., Fuller, G.N., Holland, E.C. (2005). Genetic Modeling of Glioma Formation in Mice. In: Ali-Osman, F. (eds) Brain Tumors. Contemporary Cancer Research. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-843-9:055

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