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Molecular Pathology of Nervous System Tumors

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Book cover Brain Tumors

Part of the book series: Contemporary Cancer Research ((CCR))

Abstract

In modern clinical neuro-oncology, no variable affects therapeutic decisions and prognostic estimation more than tumor classification. The most widely used method of brain tumor classification is that of the World Health Organization (WHO), most recently revised in 2000 (51), which is based on microscopic examination of tissue by a pathologist. The WHO classification divides nervous system tumors into many nosological entities (Table 1) and assigns a grade of I to IV, grade I being benign and grade IV being highly malignant. Although, in the majority of cases, the assignment of tumors in the WHO classification system is relevant and appropriate, unfortunately there are many situations in which this classification is problematic, primarily because pathological diagnosis remains quite subjective (67). For example, some brain tumors are difficult to place neatly into one of the categories. For others, the histological diagnosis and corresponding predicted clinical behavior do not concur with the actual clinical course. Finally, it is doubtful that the current histopathological system alone will accurately predict patient response to targeted therapies once available. As such, information capable of augmenting the WHO system could result in marked improvements in the current approach to brain tumor classification.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Molecular Neuro-Oncology and Molecular Pathology Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA

    Catherine L. Nutt PhD, Anat O. Stemmer-Rachamimov MD & David N. Louis MD

  2. Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Foothills Medical Centre and University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

    J. Gregory Cairncross MD

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  1. Catherine L. Nutt PhD
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  1. Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC

    Francis Ali-Osman DSc

  2. Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC

    Francis Ali-Osman DSc

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Nutt, C.L., Stemmer-Rachamimov, A.O., Cairncross, J.G., Louis, D.N. (2005). Molecular Pathology of Nervous System Tumors. In: Ali-Osman, F. (eds) Brain Tumors. Contemporary Cancer Research. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-843-9:033

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