Skip to main content

Diagnosis and Risk Stratification of Acute Pancreatitis

  • Chapter
Book cover Pancreatitis and Its Complications

Part of the book series: Clinical Gastroenterology ((CG))

  • 1157 Accesses

Abstract

Patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) usually present with sudden onset of abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Approximately 80% of patients have interstitial pancreatitis with mild-to-moderate symptoms, and 20% have life-threatening necrotizing disease. Careful clinical assessment and the judicial use of biochemical tests and radiological imaging enables the practitioner to differentiate AP from other causes of acute abdomen and to assess the severity of disease (17) .

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Topazian M, Gorelick F. Acute pancreatitis. In: Yamada T, ed. Textbook of Gastroenterology 3rd ed. Lippincott, Philadelphia, PA, 1999: 2121–2150.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Ranson JHC. Diagnostic standards for acute pancreatitis. World J Surg 1997; 21: 136–142.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Beger HG, Rau B, Mayer J, Pralle U. Natural course of acute pancreatitis. World J Surg 1997; 21: 130–135.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Mergener K, Baillie J. Acute pancreatitis. BMJ 1998; 316: 44–48.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Banks P. Acute and chronic pancreatitis. In: Feldman M, Scharschmidt B, Sleisenger M, eds. Sleisenger & Fordtran’s Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease 6th ed. Saunders, Philadelphia, PA, 1998: 809–862.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Levitt MD, Eckfeldt JH. Diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. In: Go V, Dimango E, Gardner J, et al., eds. The Pancreas: Biology, Pathophysiology and Disease 2nd ed. Raven Press, NY, 1993: 613–635.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Steinberg W, Tenner S. Acute pancreatitis. N Engl J Med 1994; 330: 1198–1210.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Banks PA. Practice guidelines in acute pancreatitis. Am J Gastroenterol 1997; 92: 377–386.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Triester SL, Kowdley KV. Prognostic factors in acute pancreatitis. J Clin Gastroenterol 2002; 34: 167–176.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Foitzik T, Bassi DG, Schmidt J, et al. Intravenous contrast medium accentuates the severity of acute necrotizing pancreatitis in the rat. Gastroenterology 1994; 106: 207–214.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Baron T, Morgan D. Acute necrotizing pancreatitis. N Engl J Med 1999; 340: 1412–1417.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Nuutinen P, Kivisaari L, Schroder T. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography and microangiography of the pancreas in acute human hemorrhagic/necrotizing pancreatitis. Pancreas 1988; 3: 53–60.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Baillie J. Treatment of acute biliary pancreatitis. N Engl J Med 1997; 336: 286–287.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Frakes J. Biliary pancreatitis: A review. J Clin Gastroenterol 1999; 28: 97–109.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Neoptolemos JP, Carr-Locke DL, Baily IA, et al. Controlled trial of urgent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic sphincterotomy versus conservative treatment for acute pancreatitis due to gallstones. Lancet 1988; 2: 979–983.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Prat F, Edery J, Meduri B, et al. Early EUS of the bile duct before endoscopic sphincterotomy for acute biliary pancreatitis. Gastrrointest Endosc 2001; 54: 724–729.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Ranson JHC. Etiological and Prognostic factors in human acute pancreatitis: A review. Am J Gastroenterol 1982; 77: 633–638.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Balthazar E, Ranson JHC, Naidich DP, et al. Acute pancreatitis: Prognostic value of CT. Radiology 1985; 156: 767–772.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Balthazar E, Robinson DL, Meigibow AJ, Ranson JHC. Acute pancreatitis: value of CT in establishing prognosis. Radiology 1990; 174: 331–336.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Balthazar E. Acute pancreatitis: Assessment of severity with clinical and CT evaluation. Radiology 2002; 223: 603–613.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Brown A, Orav J, Banks PA. Hemoconcentration is an early marker for organ failure and necrotizing pancreatitis. Pancreas 2000; 20: 367–372.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Lankisch PG, Mahlke R, Blum T, et al. Hemoconcentration: An early marker of severe and/or necrotizing pancreatitis? A critical appraisal. Am J Gastroenterol 2001; 96: 2081–2086.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Baron T. Predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis: Is it time to concentrate on hematocrit?. Am J Gastroenterol 2001; 96: 1960–1961.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Whitcomb DC, Pederso MRA, Oliva J, et al. An admission hematocrit of 40 or less predicts a low risk of pancreatic necrosis and may reduce the need for diagnostic CT scans. Gastroenterology 1999; 116: A1176.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2005 Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Burton, F.R. (2005). Diagnosis and Risk Stratification of Acute Pancreatitis. In: Forsmark, C.E. (eds) Pancreatitis and Its Complications. Clinical Gastroenterology. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-815-3:017

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-815-3:017

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-58829-179-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-815-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics