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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation pp 211–227Cite as

External Defibrillation

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Part of the book series: Contemporary Cardiology ((CONCARD))

Abstract

The history of applying electrical shocks to the heart began in the 1700s with direct current derived from a Leyden jar. In 1775, Abildgard described having shocked a chicken into lifelessness and on repeating the shock, bringing the bird back to life (1). Transthoracic defibrillation was first performed clinically in the mid-1950s when Zoll introduced the alternating current (AC) defibrillator (2). Several years later, Lown introduced the direct current (DC) defibrillator as an improvement on Zoll’s device in several important areas, specifically that it caused less damage to the patient and that it could be made portable (3). Today, internal cardioverter defibrillators are the size of a small bar of soap and can monitor and correct a patient’s rhythm for several years between replacements. Likewise, the external defibrillator has been made smaller and so much simpler to operate that sixth graders can use the device successfully.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL

    Gregory P. Walcott MD, Cheryl R. Killingsworth DVM, PhD & Raymond E. Ideker MD, PhD

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  2. Cheryl R. Killingsworth DVM, PhD
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Emergency Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA

    Joseph P. Ornato MD, FACP, FACC, FACEP  & Mary Ann Peberdy MD, FACC  & 

  2. Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA

    Joseph P. Ornato MD, FACP, FACC, FACEP  & Mary Ann Peberdy MD, FACC  & 

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Walcott, G.P., Killingsworth, C.R., Ideker, R.E. (2005). External Defibrillation. In: Ornato, J.P., Peberdy, M.A. (eds) Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Contemporary Cardiology. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-814-5:211

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