Abstract
There have been numerous efforts to find a diplomatic solution to the Congolese crisis, which has severe regional ramifications. Frederick Chiluba, Zambia’s president has been shuttling around the region trying to find a peace formula, while at the other end of the continent Libya’s Muammar Gaddafi has launched his own initiative. But none of these diplomatic efforts has so far shown any signs of making progress.
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Notes
Tom Porteous, “Briefing The last three months in Africa,” BBC Focus on Africa 10, no.3 (July–September 1999): 9.
See Jan Kamenju, “Small Arms and the Challenge to Conflict Prevention in Africa” (paper presented to UNITAR-RPTC Training Programme to Enhance Conflict Prevention and Peace Building in Southern Africa, held in Harare, 20–31 March 2000), 1–2.
Mike Bourne, “Militarization and Conflict in the Great Lakes,” in Owen Green et al., Light Weapons and Peacebuilding in Central and East Africa (London: International Alert, 1998), 5.
Ibid.
Jos Havermans, “Africa’s Most Worrying Battle Field,” in Monique Mekenkamp, Paul van Tongeren, and Hans van de Veen, eds., Searching for Peace in Africa: An Overview of Conflict Prevention and Management Activities (The Hague: European Center for Conflict Prevention and Management Activities, 1999), 237.
T. Nyebirweki, “The Fire that Never Burns Out,” East & Central Africa Journal (Nairobi) 3, no. 1, (January 2000), 8.
Gérard Prunier, The Rwanda Crisis: History of a Genocide (New York: Columbia University Press, 1995), 93–94.
Michael S. Lund, “A Region at War,” in Mekenkamp, van Tongeren, and van de Veen, Searching for Peace in Africa, 187.
Ibid., 189.
For a general background on Burundi covering the period through the massacres of the 1990s, see René Lemarchand, Burundi: Ethnocide as Discourse and Practice (Washington: Wilson Center Press, 1994).
Jos Havermans, “Burundi: Peace-Initiatives Help Stem the Violence,” in Mekenkamp, van Tongeren, and van de Veen, Searching for Peace in Africa.
Lora Lumpe, “Introduction,” in Lora Lumpe, ed, Running Guns: The Global Black Markets in Small Arms (London: Zen Books, 2000), 3.
Mwesiga Baregu, “Tanzania and the Rebels/Invaders in DRC,” in Ibbo Mandaza, ed., Reflections on the Crisis in the Democratic Republic of Congo (Harare: Sapes Books, 1999), 39.
Ellen Knickmeyer, “City that Finances Congo’s War Stays Poor,” Houston Chronicle, 18 May 2001, available at http://www.HoustonChronicle.com (12 July 2001).
Ibid.
Levi Ochieng, “Uganda, Rwanda Push into Congo Driven by Greed,” The East African (Nairobi) 17–23 July 2000, 9 Also see chapters 5, 6, 8, 9, and 12 in this volume.
L. Campbell, “Note on the Pace of the Struggle for a New Mode of Politics in the Congo,” in Ibbo Mandaza, ed., Reflections on the Crisis in the Democratic Republic of Congo, 58.
See a detailed chronology in Africa Peace Forum, (APFO)-FEWER reports, “Early Warning Report on the Situation in the DRC,” (Nairobi 1998 and “Background Report Great Lakes Early Warning Project,” (Nairobi 1998). These reports were previously available at the FEWER Web site, www.fewer.org. (?) A staff member working with APFO and involved in compiling the FEWER Report is consulting with FEWER office for the current website if any. I shall furnish you with the information as soon as I get it [AM]. Also, see G Punungwe, “Peace Initiatives in the DRC conflict,” in Mandaza, ed., Reflections on the Crisis in the Democratic Republic of Congo, 145–153.
Ed Laurence, “The OAS Agreement,” Small Arms Survey 2001 (Geneva: Graduate Institute of International Studies, 2001), 251–56.
Ibid., 252.
Anatole Ayissi, “The West African Moratorium,” Small Arms Survey 2001 (Geneva: Graduate Institute of International Studies, 2001, 258–261.
Ibid., 259.
Ibid., 260.
Virginia Gamba, “An African Common Approach to small arms,” Small Arms Survey 2001 (Geneva: Graduate Institute of International Studies, 2001), 265–266.
Elizabeth Clegg, “European Measures,” Small Arms Survey 2001 (Geneva. Graduate Institute of International Studies, 2001), 268–272.
For a detailed account on the UN efforts see, Ed Laurence, “The Global Small Arms Process,” Small Arms Survey, 2001 (Geneva: Graduate Institute of International Studies, 2001), 276–278.
Ibid., 278.
See, “Report of the United Nations Conference on the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects,” (United Nations; New York, 2001).
Jakkie Cilliers and Christian Dietrich, “Introduction,” in Cilliers and Dietrich, Angola’s War Economy: The Role of Oil and Diamonds (Pretoria: Institute of Security Studies, 2000), 5
Lora Lumpe, “Preliminary Policy Options for Monitoring/Restricting Exports of Light Arms,” (presented at the UNIDIR Conference on Small Arms and Internal Conflict, 7–8 November 1994, Geneva, Switzerland), available on the Federation of American Scientists website at http://www.fas.org/asmp/campaigns/smallarms/options.html 7 (site accessed on 12 July 2001).
Ibid.
See Integrated Regional Information Network, englishservice@ocha.unon.org, accessed Friday, 22 December 2000.
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© 2002 John F. Clark
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Muchai, A. (2002). Arms Proliferation and the Congo War. In: Clark, J.F. (eds) The African Stakes of the Congo War. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781403982445_11
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