Abstract
Building a new political order has become the central theme of Chinese politics in post-Deng China not a clearly defined goal of the Chinese leadership, but the direction that Chinese politics are pointing to and it will be the ultimate challenge for the fourth generation of Chinese leadership produced at the 16th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).
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Notes
For an empirical analysis of local election in the early 1990s, see M. Kent Jennings, “Political Participation in the Chinese Countryside,” American Political Science Review, vol. 91, no. 2 (June 1997), pp. 361–72.
See Kevin J. O’Brien, “Implementing Political Reform in China’s villages,” The Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs, no. 32 (July 1994), pp. 33–60; Daniel Kelliher, “The Chinese Debate over Village Self-Government,” The China Journal, no. 37 (January 1997), pp. 63–86; Jean C. Oi, “Economic Development, Stability and Democratic Village Self-Governance,” in Maurice Brosseau, Suzanne Pepper, and Tsang Shu-ki, eds., China Review 1996 (Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 1996), pp. 125–44;
M. Kent Jennings, “Political Participation in the Chinese Countryside,” American Political Science Review, vol. 91, no. 2 (June 1997), pp. 361–72;
Melanie Manion, “The Electoral Connection in the Chinese Countryside,” American Political Science Review, vol. 90, no. 4 (December 1996), pp. 736–48;
and John Dearlove, “Village Politics,” in Robert Benewick and Paul Wingrove, eds., China in the 1990s (Vancouver: UBC Press, 1995), pp. 120–31.
Chinese scholarship includes Zhang Houan, zhongguo nongcun jiceng zhengquan (Local Government in China’s Countryside) (Chengdu: sichuan renmin chubanshe, 1992)
and Xu Yong, zhongguo nongcun cunmin zizhi (Villagers’ Self-Government in China’s Countryside) (Wuhan: huazhong shifan daxue chubanshe, 1997).
Lianjiang Li and Kevin J. O’Brien, “The Struggle over Village Elections,” in Roderick MacFarquhar and Merle Goldman, eds., The Paradox of China’s Reforms (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2000).
Sylvia Chan, “Village Self-Government and Civil Society,” in Joseph Cheng, ed., China Review 1998 (Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 1998), p. 245.
Joseph Cheng, “Direct Elections of Town and Township Heads in China: Significance and Limitations of a New Direction in Chinese Politics,” in Guoli Liu and Weixing Chen eds., New Directions in Chinese Politics in the New Millennium (Lewiston: Edwin Mellen Press, 2002), pp. 37–78.
Deng Xiaoping, Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping (Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 1984), p. 158.
James V. Feinerman, “The Rule of Law Imposed from Outside: China’s Foreign-Oriented Legal Regime since 1978,” in Karen G. Turner, James V. Feinerman, and R. Kent Guy, eds., The Limits of the Rule of Law in China (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2000), pp. 304–24.
See Thomas G. Moore, “China and Globalization,” in Samuel S. Km, ed., East Asia and Globalization (Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2000), pp. 105–31;
and Elizabeth Economy and Michel Oksenberg, eds., China Joins the World (New York: Council on Foreign Relations Press, 1999).
Kevin O’Brien, “Chinese People’s Congresses and Legislative Embeddedness: Understanding Early Organizational Development, Comparative Political Studies, vol. 27 (1994), pp. 80–107.
Murray Scot Tanner, The Politics of Lawmaking in Post-Mao China: Institutions, Processes and Democratic Prospects (New York: Clarendon Press, 1999).
See Gabriel A. Almond and G. Bingham Powell, Jr. eds., Comparative Politics Today: A World View (New York: HarperCollins, 1992), p. 510.
Harold J. Berman, William R. Greiner, and Samir N. Saliba, The Nature and Functions of Law, fifth edition (Westbury: Foundation Press, 1996), p. 6.
Stanley B. Lubman, Bird in a Cage: Legal Reform in China After Mao (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1999), p. 34. Rchard H. Fallon, Jr. provides an interesting analysis of the concept of the rule of law and its four ideal types: Historicist, formalist, legal process, and substantive. See Fallon, “The Rule of Law as a Concept in Constitutional Discourse,” Columbia Law Review, vol. 97, no. 1 (January 1997), pp. 1–56.
For representative literature in Chinese language, see Guo Daohui, Lishi Xin Kuayue: Zouxiang Minzhu Fazhi Xin Shiji (A Historic Leap Over: Towards a New Century of Democracy and the Rule of Law) (Wuhan: Hubai Renmin Chubanshe, 1999);
Gong Peixiang et al., eds., Dandai Zhongguo de Falu Geming (Chinese Law Revolution in the Contemporary Era) (Beijing: Falu Chubanshe, 1999);
and Wang Renbo, Chen Liaoyuan, Fazhi Lun (On the Rule of Law) (Jinan: Shangdong Renmin Chubanshe, 1998).
Lubman, Bird in a Cage, pp. 124–25. For a critical and systematic analysis of China’s legal theories and debates on key legal issues, see Ronald Keith, China’s Struggle for the Rule of Law (London: St. Martin’s Press, 1994).
Kathryn Hendley, Trying to Make Law Matter (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1996), p. 12.
Ronald C. Keith, China’s Struggle for the Rule of Law (London: St. Martin’s Press, 1994), p. 21.
Max Weber, “Politics as a Vocation,” in David Held et al., eds., States and Societies (New York: New York University Press, 1983), pp. 111–12. First published in 1919.
Nicholas R. Lardy, Integrating China into the Global Economy (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2002), p. 2.
Michael W. Dowdle, “Rule of Law and Civil Society: Implications of a Pragmatic Development,” in Pitman B. Potter and Michael W. Dowdle, eds., Developing Civil Society in China: From the Rule by Law toward the Rule of Law (Washington, DC: The Woodrow Wilson Center, Asia Program, 2000), pp. 13–22.
See Joseph Fewsmith, China Since Tiananmen: The Politics of Transition (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2001), p. 128.
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© 2005 Weixing Chen and Yang Zhong
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Chen, W., Liu, G. (2005). Building a New Political Order in China: Interpreting the New Directions in Chinese Politics. In: Leadership in a Changing China. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781403980397_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781403980397_4
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