Abstract
The figures of the Dutch privateer and pirate maintained complicated roles in Golden Age Dutch culture. Integral to the cultural construction of their identities were deep-rooted, fundamental Dutch values. Foremost among these values were both the unique perspective the Dutch maintained about their relationship with the sea, and their blossoming sense of national cohesion.
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Notes
Verz. Thysius: Deductie, Op het subject van de handelinge op de Straet, en de Navigatie in de Middellantsche Zee (1687).
For example, for a representative text, see this pamphlet from 1616: Verz. Thysius: Een waerachtighe beschryvinghe van het goot jammer, droesheydt ende ellende datter nu ghebeurt is op de Zee ende schade die daer oock gheschiet is in Tessel …(Amsterdam: Gerrit van Breughel, 1616), 1–2.
Verz. Thysius: Hollandtze Mercurius (Haerlem: Pieter Casteleyn, 1666),158.
Verz. Thysius: Duyns-Kerckens Naeckende Sterff-Dagh...(ca. 1645 ), 7.
Ralph Davis, The Rise of the Atlantic Economies (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1973), 180.
C.R. Boxer, The Dutch Seaborne Empire 1600–1800 (London: Penguin Books, 1990; London: Hutchinson, 1965; New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1965), 29.
Richard W. Unger, Dutch Shipbuilding Before 1800: Ships and Guilds, Aspects of Economic History: The Low Countries (Assen: Van Gorcum, 1978), 11.
Charles Henry Wilson, Anglo-Dutch Commerce and Finance in the Eighteenth Century (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1941), 3, cited in Immanuel Wallerstein, The Modern World System II: Mercantilism and the Consolidation of the European World Economy, 1600–1750 (New York: Academic Press, 1980), 39. Charles M. Andrews traces this expression to a States-General proclamation on July 19, 1624. See his “Anglo-French Commercial Rivalry, 1700–1750: The Western Phase,” American Historical Review, Vol. XX, Part I, 3 (April 1915), 541.
L. Goedde, Tempest and Shipwreck in Dutch and Flemish Art: Convention, Rhetoric and Interpretation (University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1989), 9.
G. Keyes, Cornelis Vroom: Marine and Landscape Artist (Alphen aan de Rijn: Canaletto, 1985), 17.
Olfert Dapper, Historische Beschryving der Stadt Amsterdam (Amsterdam: Jacob van Meurs, 1663), 251.
Stanza from “Visscherslied” (1702), D.F. Scheurleer, Van Varen en Van Vechten, Vol. III (‘s-Gravenhage: Martinus Nijhoff, 1914), 161–162. The lyrics in Dutch read: De zee is ons vermaken / Daer vinden wy oock lust / Hoewel sy altijd hobbelt / En selden blijft in rust …
Verz. Thysius: Deductie, Op het subject van de handelinge op de Straet, en de Navigatie in de Middellantsche Zee (1687).
Simon Schama, The Embarassment of Riches: An Interpretation of Dutch Culture in the Golden Age (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988), 44–45.
Schama, The Embarassment of Riches, 43–44. For the Vierlingh quote, see Andries Vierlingh, Tractaet van Diekgie, eds. J. de Hullu and A.G. Verhoeven (‘s-Gravenhage, 1920), 396.
Geoffrey Parker, The Dutch Revolt, 2nd edition (London: Peregrine Books, 1988), 270. Censorship occasionally did occur, however, as evidenced by criminal sentences meted out by the Hof van Holland for publishing taboo materials. See ARA, Hof van Holland Archief, Registers van Criminele Sententies, Inventory #5655 (the cases of Michiel van Staat, September 1, 1650; and Machteld Fynemans, February 23, 1652); Inventory #5656 (the case of Michiel Staal, April 23, 1652); and Inventory #5657 (the case of Margaretha Tromp, 1667; and Christiaan Moekwater, May 14, 1667). For more information on books prohibited in the United Provinces, see W.P.C. Knuttel, Verboden Boeken in de Republiek der Vereenigde Nederlanden (‘s-Gravenhage, 1914).
Craig E. Harline, Pamphlets, Printing, and Political Culture in the Early Dutch Republic (Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1987), 72.
F. Adama van Scheltama, Nederlandsche Letterkunde: Populaire Prozaschrijvers der XVIIe en XVIIIe Eeuw …(Amsterdam: Frederick Muller & Cie, 1893), reprinted in Muller/Vries/Scheepers: Populaire Prozaschrijvers der XVIIe en XVIIEe Eeuw …, ed. H.W. de Kooker (Utrecht: HES Publishers, 1981), 26.
J.Fzn.M. Buisman, Populaire Prozaschrijvers 1600–1815: Romans, Novellen, Verhalen, Levensbeschrijvingen, Arcadias, Sprookjes. Alphabetische Naamlijst (Amsterdam: Israel, 1960), 8.
Verz. Thysius: Den Lof vande Geoctr. Oost ende West-Indische Compagnye ende Lofrijcke Zee-vaert …, 12–13. For other similar examples, see Verz. ZBP: Adr. van Nierop, Echo ofte Galm, dat is Weder-klickende Ghedicht van de teghenwoordighe Vrede-handelinghe …(1608 ); Verz. RLP: Reden Van dat die West-Indische Compagnie oft Handelinge … noodtsaeckellijck is …(1636); and Verz. ZBP: Levendich Discours Vantghemeyne Lants welvaert, voor desen de Oost, ende nu oock de West-Indischegenerale Compaignie aenghevanghen, seer notabel om lesen. Door een Lief-Hebber des Vaterlandts …(Amsterdam: Broer Jansz., 1622). The last source also can be found at the KB.
Simon de Vries, Historie van Barbaryen, En de zelfs Zee-Roovers … Tweede Deel …(Amsterdam: Jan ten Hoorn, 1684), 6–7. Part I of this work was written by Pierre Dan and translated by G.V. Broekhuizen.
Verz. RLP: “Pambonen Vreimundima,” Den Hollantschen Apocalypsis … (1626), 17.
Verz. Thysius: Triumphe Van weghen de Geluckighe ende Over-Rijcke Victorie … vanden Heer Generael Pieter Pietersz. Heyn …(1628), 64–65.
Verz. Thysius: Den Lof vande Geoctr. Oost ende West-Indische Compagnye ende Lofrikke Zee-vaert …, 4 and 13.
de Vries, Historie van Barbaryen, 34. See also Verz. Thysius: Seeckere tydinge van tgene aldereerst ghepasseert is … hoe 36. Turchsche Zee-roovers het Eylant Lanceroote hebben afgheloopen, geplondert, ende duysent mensche tot slaven ghemaecht...(Amstelredam: Broer Jansz. op de Kolck, 1618).
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© 2005 Virginia West Lunsford
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Lunsford, V.W. (2005). Collective Identity, Nationalism, and the Golden Age Netherlands. In: Piracy and Privateering in the Golden Age Netherlands. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781403979384_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781403979384_4
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