Abstract
As of December 1996, the Republic of China on Taiwan enjoyed formal diplomatic relations with 32 other states. By April 1998, the number had fallen to 28 (the details follow this chapter). The largest and most important was South Africa which had always maintained consular relations with Taipei, and upgraded its representation to ambassadorial level in 1976. There was never any reason to suspect that the situation might change. President Nelson Mandela had said on several occasions that his government would not switch diplomatic recognition to Beijing at the expense of Taiwan.2
Could they agree simply to let such an economic potentiality go down the drain? Neither side could contemplate this.
(David Nelson Rowe on the reasons for the immediate creation of informal relations between Japan and the Republic of China after the severance of formal relations in 1972.)1
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Notes
David Nelson Rowe, Informal Diplomatic Relations: the Case of Japan and the Republic of China, 1972–1974 (Hamden, Conn.: Foreign Area Studies, 1975), p. 10.
M. D. Fletcher, ‘Australian-Taiwanese Relations’, in Maysing H. Yang (ed.), Taiwan’s Expanding Role in the International Arena (New York: M. E. Sharpe, 1997), p. 55.
Chang King-yuh, ‘Partnership in Transition: a Review of Recent Taipei-Washington Relations’, Asian Survey 21 (6), June 1981, p. 612.
John F. Copper, Taiwan: Nation-State or Province? (Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1996), p. 168 has called this the strategy of breaking formal diplomatic ties while retaining relations otherwise undisturbed as the.
Steve Hoadley, New Zealand and Taiwan: the Policy and Practice of Quasi-Diplomacy (Wellington: New Zealand Institute of International Affairs, Occasional Paper 7, 1993), p. 3.
Frank Ching, ‘Taiwan: the Prosperous Pariah’, Foreign Policy, (36) Fall 1979, 122–46.
Deon Geldenhuys, Isolated States: A Comparative Analysis (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990), p. 366, noted that ‘International economic integration, based on Taiwan’s value as a trading partner, is therefore its principal means of countering diplomatic ostracism.’
Linjin Wu, ‘Limitations and Prospects of Taiwan’s Informal Diplomacy’, in Jean-Marie Henckaerts (ed.), The International Status of Taiwan in the New World Order: Legal and Political Considerations (London: Kluwer Law International, 1996), p. 45.
Byron S. J. Weng, ‘Taiwan’s International Status Today’, China Quarterly 99, September 1984, p. 463.
David W. Chang and Hung-chao Tai provide details of these contacts as of October 1996. ‘The Informal Diplomacy of the Republic of China, with a Case Study of ROC’s Relations with Singapore’, American Journal of Chinese Studies 3 (2), October 1996, pp. 148–76.
K. J. Holsti, International Politics: A Framework for Analysis, 5th edn (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1988), pp. 94–6.
See Berridge, Talking to the Enemy (1994), p. 53.
J. Terry Emerson, ‘The Taiwan Relations Act: Legislative Recognition of the Republic of China’, The Republic of China on Taiwan Today: Views from Abroad (Taipei: Kwang Hwa Publishing, 1990), p. 227.
Dennis Hickey, ‘Washington to hold steady in relationship with Taipei’, FCJ, 29 May 1998, p. 6.
Raymond Cohen, ‘On Diplomacy in the Near East: the Amama Letters’, Diplomacy and Statecraft 7 (July 1996), p. 9.
G. R. Berridge, Amarna Diplomacy, Discussion Papers in Diplomacy no. 22 (University of Leicester, October 1996), p. 13.
Chen-Tin Kuo, ‘The Political Economy of Taiwan’s Investment in China’, in Tun-jen Chen, Chi Huang and Samuel S. G. Wu (eds), Inherited Rivalry: Conflict Across the Taiwan Straits (London: Lynne Rienner, 1995), p. 160.
George T. Yu, ‘Peking versus Taipei in the world arena: Chinese competition in Africa’, Asian Survey 3 (9), September 1963, p. 449.
Jean-Pierre Cabestan, ‘Taiwan’s Mainland Policy: Normalization, Yes; Reunification, Later’, China Quarterly 148 (1996), p. 1321.
Quoted in Philip Elliott and Peter Golding, ‘The News Media and Foreign Affairs’, in Robert Boardman (ed.), The Management of Britain’s External Relations (London: Macmillan, 1973), p. 309.
As Elliott and Golding point out, this term was originally used in Richard Rose, Politics in England (London: Faber & Faber, 1965).
Joseph V. Montviller, ‘The Arrow and the Olive Branch: a Case for Track Two Diplomacy’, in Conflict Resolution: Track Two Diplomacy (Washington DC: US State Department, 1987), p. 7.
Jason C. Hu (ed.), Quiet Revolutions on Taiwan, Republic of China (Taipei: Kwang Hwa 1995), p. 38.
Some of the methods and successes of the ROC’s cultural diplomacy are highlighted in Thomas W. Robinson, ‘America in Taiwan’s Post Cold-War Foreign Relations’, China Quarterly, 148 (1996), pp. 1345–6.
Michael Yahuda, ‘The Foreign Relations of Greater China’, China Quarterly 136 (1993), p. 701;
Thomas B. Gold, ‘Go with Your Feelings: Hong Kong and Taiwan Popular Culture in Greater China’, China Quarterly 136 (1993), p. 908;
Thomas W. Robinson, ‘America in Taiwan’s Post Cold-War Foreign Relations’, China Quarterly, 148 (1996), p. 1345.
Michael Yahuda, ‘The International Standing of the Republic of China on Taiwan’, China Quarterly 148 (1996), p. 1337.
Robin Renwick, Unconventional Diplomacy in Southern Africa (London: Macmillan, 1997), p. 5.
Nicholas Henderson, Mandarin: The Diaries of an Ambassador, 1969–1982 (London: Weidenfield & Nicolson, 1994), p. 288.
David R. Gergen, ‘Diplomacy in the Television Age: The Dangers of Teledemocracy’, in Simon Serfaty (ed.), The Media in Foreign Policy (London: Macmillan, 1990), pp. 48–50.
Gadi Wolfsfeld, Media and Political Conflict: News from the Middle East (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997), p. 21.
See Timothy P. Maga, ‘Golf Ball Diplomacy’, Diplomacy and Statecraft, 9 (1), 1998, 182–207.
Steven I. Levine, ‘The United States and China: Managing a Stormy Relationship’, The China Briefing, 1995–6 (New York: M.E. Sharpe, 1997), p. 235.
Also see James T. Robinson, Taiwan’s 1996 Elections of National Assembly and President: Appraising Democratization, Paper presented to the Conference on Taiwan on the Move, National Central University, Chungli, Taiwan 1996;
Steven Harrell and Huang Chun-chieh (eds), Cultural Change in Postwar Taiwan (Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1994);
Ambrose C.Y. King, ‘A Nonparadigmastic Search for Democracy in a Post-Confucian Culture: the Case of Taiwan, R.O.C.’, in Larry Diamond (ed.), Political Culture and Democracy in Developing Countries (London: Lynne Rienner, 1994);
Ming-yeh Rawnsley, Public Service Television in Taiwan, PhD Dissertation, University of Leeds, 1997.
C. L. Chiou, Democratizing Oriental Despotism (London: Macmillan, 1995);
Murray A. Rubenstein (ed.), The Other Taiwan: 1945 to the Present (New York: M.E Sharpe, 1994);
Simon Long, Taiwan: China’s Last Frontier (London: Macmillan, 1991);
Steve Tsang (ed.), In the Shadow of China: Political Developments in Taiwan Since 1949 (London: Hurst, 1993);
Robert G. Sutter, Taiwan: Entering the 21st Century (London: United Press of America, 1988);
and Thomas B. Gold, State and Society in the Taiwan Miracle (New York: M. E. Sharpe, 1986).
W. J. F. Jenner, The Tyranny of History: the Roots of China’s Crisis (London: Penguin, 1992), pp. 1–17.
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© 2000 Gary D. Rawnsley
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Rawnsley, G.D. (2000). Diplomacy and Propaganda. In: Taiwan’s Informal Diplomacy and Propaganda. Studies in Diplomacy. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781403905345_3
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