Abstract
In 1861, as the American Civil War began, only Pennsylvania had statutes in place to permit voting by soldiers in the field. The law originally passed in Pennsylvania in 1813 permitted soldiers in the War of 1812 to vote via a form of proxy voting. The law, reenacted in 1839, was used until it was found unconstitutional in 1862. While it was upheld by the state Supreme Court in a November 1861 decision, a subsequent case was filed challenging the law.2
Who votes must bear arms, was the just decision of the Secretary of War; who bears arms should not be disfranchised, but be permitted to vote, should be the policy of this country.
Governor Edward Salomon (R-WI), 18621
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Notes
Robert E. Wright. 1863. Pennsylvania State Report., vol. 41. Philadelphia: Kay & Brother, Law Booksellers, Publishers, and Importers, 399;
Benton. 1915. Voting in the Fiel., 196.
Burdett A. Rich and M. Blair Wailes, with William M. McKinney. 1921. American Law Reports, Annotated. Rochester, NY: The Lawyers Cooperative Publishing Company, 1299.
Benton. 1915. Voting in the Fiel., 6–8.
Benton. 1915. Voting in the Fiel., 27–40.
North Carolina. 1861. Public Laws of the State of North Carolina, Passed by the General Assembly, at Its First Extra Session of 1861. Raleigh, NC: John Spelman, Printer to the State, 124–125;
Oliver P. Temple. 1899. East Tennessee and the Civil War. Cincinnati, OH: Robert Clarke Company, Publishers, 207–209.
Virginia. 1861. Journal of the Convention of Virginia in Secret Session 1861. No. 79. Richmond, VA: Wyatt M. Elliott, printer, 74.
Virginia. 1861. Ordinances Adopted by the Convention of Virginia, at the Adjourned Session, in June and July, 1861. Richmond, VA: Wyatt M. Elliott, printer, 33–53;
Benton. 1915. Voting in the Fiel., 33–34.
Alabama. 1862. Acts of the Second Called Session, 1861, and of the First Regular Annual Session of the General Assembly of Alabama. Montgomery, AL: Montgomery Advertiser Book and Job Office, 31;
Benton. 1915. Voting in the Fiel., 34–36.
Georgia. 1862. Acts of the General Assembly of the State of Georgia Passed in Milledgeville at an Annual Session in November and December 1861. Milledgeville, GA: Boughton, Nisbet & Barnes, State Printers, Title VIII Elections, 31.
South Carolina. 1875. The Statutes at Large of South Carolina: Volume XIII, Containing the Acts from December, 1861, to December, 1866. Columbia: Republican Printing Company, State Printers, 17–18;
see also Benton. 1915. Voting in the Fiel., 36–38.
John K. Bettersworth and James W. Silver. 1961. Mississippi in the Confederacy. Jackson: Mississippi Department of Archives and History;
Benton. 1915. Voting in the Fiel., 28.
See Michael J. Dubin. 1998. United States Congressional Elections, 1788–1997. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company.
Jay Monaghan. 1955. Civil War on the Western Border, 1854–1865. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 16–33.
see William Garrett Piston and Richard W. Hatcher III. 2000. Wilson’s Creek: The Second Battle of the Civil War and the Men Who Fought It. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press;
and Edwin C. Bearss. 1992. The Battle of Wilson’s Creek. Cassville, MO: Litho Printers and Bindery.
Missouri. 1861. Journal of the Missouri State Convention Held at Jefferson City, July, 1861. St. Louis: George Knapp & Co., Printers and Binders, 55.
William Hyde and Howard Louis Conard. 1899. Encyclopedia of the History of St. Louis: A Compendium of History and Biography for Ready Referenc., vol. 4. New York: The Southern History Company, 2128.
Missouri. 1862. Journal of the Missouri State Convention Held in Jefferson City, June 1862. St. Louis: George Knapp & Co., Printers and Binders, 32–34.
Iowa. 1863. Report of the Adjutant General (Iowa). Vol 2, 861.
Iowa. 1862. Laws of Iowa (Extra Session., 42.
Iowa. 1862. Journal of the Senate at the Extra Session of the Ninth General Assembly of the State of Iowa. Des Moines, IA: F. W. Palmer, State Printer, 8.
Olynthus B. Clark. 1911. The Politics of Iowa During the Civil War and Reconstruction. Iowa City, IA: The Clio Press, 169–170;
Russ W. Carter. 2005. War Ballots: Military Voting by Mail from the Civil War to WWII. Cypress, TX: Military Postal History Society, 7;
Benton. 1915. Voting in the Fiel., 51.
Clark. 1911. The Politics of Iow., 137.
Wisconsin. 1862. Journal of the Senate of Wisconsin, Extra Sessio., 13 September, 20.
Frank Klement. 1944. “The Soldier Vote in Wisconsin during the Civil War.” Wisconsin Magazine of Histor. 28(1): 38–39.
(Madison) Wisconsin Daily Patriot.1862. November 17.
W. K. Strong. 1862. “Letter from Brigadier General Strong to President Abraham Lincoln,” The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. Series III, vol. 2, 122;
See also [Appleton’s] American Annual Cyclopaedia and Register of Important Events of the Year 1862. 1863. Vol 2. New York: D. Appleton & Company, 665.
Wisconsin. 1862. Journal of the Senate of Wisconsin, Extra Sessio., 10 September, 8.
Benton. 1915. Voting in the Fiel., 54–55.
Wisconsin. 1862. Journal of the Senate of Wisconsin, Extra Sessio., 15 September, 23.
Wisconsin. 1870. The Legislative Manual of the State of Wisconsin (Wisconsin Blue Book). Madison, WI: Atwood & Rublee, State Printers, Journal Block, 228.
Wisconsin. 1862. Minority Report, Journal of the Senate of Wisconsin, Extra Sessio., 22–26.
Wisconsin. 1862. Journal of the Senate of Wisconsin, Extra Sessio., 15 September, 30.
Wisconsin. 1862. Journal of the Senate of Wisconsin, Extra Sessio., 15 September, 93–94.
Klement. 1944. “Soldier Vote in Wisconsin,” 39–41.
New York Times. 1862. “Affairs in Chicago: Political Matters—the Proportion of Republicans and Democrats in the Service,” October 23, 2.
Lynwood G. Downs. 1945. “The Soldier Vote and Minnesota Politics, 1862–65,” Minnesota History. St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society Press, 188.
Downs. 1945. “Soldier Vote and Minnesota Politics,” 189–190.
Benton. 1915. Voting in the Fiel., 67–68.
Walter N. Trennery. 1959. “Votes for Minnesota’s Civil War Soldiers,” Minnesota History. March. St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society, 168;
Downs. 1945. “Soldier Vote and Minnesota Politics,” 191.
Downs. 1945. “Soldier Vote and Minnesota Politics,” 193;
Trennery. 1959. “Minnesota’s Civil War Soldiers,” 168.
Trennery. 1959. “Minnesota’s Civil War Soldiers,” 169;
Downs. 1945. “Soldier Vote and Minnesota Politics,” 194.
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© 2016 Donald S. Inbody
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Inbody, D.S. (2016). Civil War Partisanship: 1861–1862. In: The Soldier Vote. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137519207_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137519207_2
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