Abstract
The immigration of Filipinos to the US has a long history dating back to the early decades of the twentieth century when most migrants were poor labourers, from the villages in the Philippines, who worked as farm hands in Hawai’i and the mainland US (Takaki, 1989). Since then, however, the profile of migrants in terms of social class has changed. Particularly, after the enactment of the 1965 Immigration Act, a time that is generally considered as the second wave of Filipino immigration to the US, the inflow had predominantly been composed of middle-class professionals, such as engineers, doctors, and nurses.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Choy, C. C. (2003). Empire of care: Nursing and migration in Filipino American history. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
City of Daly City. (2012). City profile. Retrieved November 29, 2012, from http://www.dalycity.org/About_Daly_City/City_Profile.htm.
Commission on Filipinos Overseas. (2012). Stock estimate of overseas Filipinos as of December 2010. Retrieved November 28, 2012, from http://www.cfo.gov.ph/pdf/statistics/Stock%202010.pdf.
Dunn, E. C. (2004). Privatizing Poland: Baby food, big business, and the remaking of labor. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Espiritu, Y. L. (2003). Home bound: Filipino American lives across cultures, communities, and countries. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Espiritu, Y. L., & Wolf, D. L. (2001). The paradox of assimilation: Children of Filipino immigrants in San Diego. In R. G. Rumbaut & A. Portes (Eds.), Ethnicities: Children of immigrants in America (pp. 157–186 ). Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
George, S. M. (2005). When women come first: Gender and class in transnational migration. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Glick Schiller, N. (2011). Localized neoliberalism, multiculturalism and global religion: Exploring the agency of migrants and city boosters. Economy and Society, 40 (2), 211–238.
Glick Schiller, N., Bash, L., & Blanc-Szanton, C. (1992). Transnationalism: A new analytic framework for understanding migration. In N. Glick Schiller, L. Bash & C. Blanc-Szanton (Eds.), Towards a transnational perspective on migration: Race, class, ethnicity and nationalism reconsidered (pp. 1–24 ). New York: The New York Academy of Sciences.
Guevarra, A. R. (2010). Marketing dreams, manufacturing heroes: The transnational labor brokering of Filipino workers. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
Ishi, T. (1987). Class conflict, the state, and linkage: The international migration of nurses from the Philippines. Berkeley Journal of Sociology, 32, 281–312.
Levitt, P., & Glick Schiller, N. (2004). Conceptualizing simultaneity: A transnational social field perspective on society. International Migration Review, 38 (3), 1002–1039.
Ong, A. (2006). Neoliberalism as exception: Mutations in citizenship and sovereignty. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Ong, P., & Azores, T. (1994). The migration and incorporation of Filipino nurses. in P. Ong, E. Banocich & L. Cheng (Eds.), The new Asian immigration in Los Angeles and global restructuring (pp. 164–195 ). Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.
Ong, P., Bonacich, E., & Cheng, L. (1994). The political economy of capitalist restructuring and the new Asian immigration. In P. Ong, E. Banocich & L. Cheng (Eds.), The new Asian immigration in Los Angeles and global restructuring (pp. 3–35 ). Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.
Ong, P., & Liu, J. M. (1994). U.S. immigration policies and Asian migration. In Ong, P., E. Banocich & L. Cheng (Eds.), The new Asian immigration in Los Angeles and global restructuring (pp. 45–73 ). Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.
Philippine National Statistics Office. (2012). National quick stat. Retrieved November 28, 2012, from http://www.census.gov.ph/sites/default/files/attachments/ird/quickstat/October2012.pdf.
Portes, A., & Rumbaut, R. G. (2001). Legacies: The story of the immigrant second generation. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Rodriguez, R. M. (2010). Migrants for export: How the Philippine state brokers labor to the world. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
Seki, K. (2012). Difference and alliance in transnational social fields: The pendular identity of the Filipino middle class. Philippine Studies, 60 (2), 187–222.
Takaki, R. (1998). Strangers from a different shore: A history of Asian Americans (updated and revised edition). New York and Boston: Little, Brown and Company.
Vergara, B. M. (2009). Pinoy capital: The Filipino nation in Daly City. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.
Wolf, D. L. (1997). Family secrets: Transnational struggles among children of Filipino immigrants. Sociological Perspectives, 26, 423–446.
Wolf, D. L. (2002). There’s no place like ‘home’: Emotional transnationalism and the struggles of second-generation Filipinos. In P. Levitt & M. C. Waters (Eds.), The changing face of home: The transnational lives of the second generation (pp. 255–294 ). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2015 Koki Seki
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Seki, K. (2015). Identity Construction of Migrant Children and Representation of the Family: The 1.5-Generation Filipino Youth in California, USA. In: Nagasaka, I., Fresnoza-Flot, A. (eds) Mobile Childhoods in Filipino Transnational Families. Migration, Diasporas and Citizenship Series. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137515148_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137515148_7
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-56682-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-137-51514-8
eBook Packages: Palgrave Social Sciences CollectionSocial Sciences (R0)