The Proliferation of the Preventive Order Model

Abstract

The analyses in this chapter and in the next (Chapter 7) aim to empirically test some of the key questions raised by the policy transfer framework developed in Chapter 4. These questions are worth restating here, as the subsequent analyses in the remaining chapters refer to these five dimensions of transfer repeatedly:

• 1. What was Transferred: policies (goals, content, or instruments), programmes, institutions, ideologies, ideas, attitudes, cultural values, or negative lessons?

• 2. Why Transfer: voluntary (lesson drawing), coercive (direct imposition), or a mixture of both (lesson drawing with pressure)?

• 3. What was the Degree of Transfer: copying, emulation, mixtures, or inspiration?

• 4. Who is Involved in Transfer: elected officials, bureaucrats, civil servants, pressure groups, political parties, experts, policy entrepreneurs, consultants, think tanks, transnational corporations, or supranational institutions (for example, the EU)?

• 5. What was the Transfer Origin: past (policy history), within-a-nation (or ‘domestic’), or cross-national?