Introduction

Abstract

There has been increasing attention paid to the role of social memory in societies in conflict, post-conflict and transition in academic and policy-making circles. Social memories of past atrocities contribute to the identification of perpetrators and the recognition of victims; they create notions of accountability, forgiveness and reconciliation; and they can elevate or lower the moral bridge between victims, perpetrators and bystanders. Some of these shared versions of the past become pillars for the recognition of victims’ rights and in that sense promote peace and reconciliation. However, some versions and mechanisms of social memorialisation can be used to vilify adversaries, feed resentment or deny opponents’ rights, which can contribute to the continuation of war. Consequently, the mere act of publicly remembering past atrocities does not necessarily constitute a step towards peace.