Skip to main content
Book cover

Diplomacy pp 168–183Cite as

Palgrave Macmillan

Conferences

  • Chapter
  • 1174 Accesses

Abstract

If the role of the resident ambassador was modified in the course of the twentieth century, this is partly because of the explosion in the number of conferences attended by three or more states — multilateral diplomacy. These conferences vary hugely in subject, scope, size, level of attendance, longevity, and extent of bureaucratization. At one extreme is an ad hoc conference on a mundane topic lasting perhaps for a week, and attended at the level of officials and experts; in between will be found an ‘informal forum’ like the two-day meetings of the Group of 20’s finance ministers and central bank governors; and, at the other extreme, a major permanent conference, or international organization, such as the United Nations, grappling with many topics of great importance. This chapter will consider why the enormous expansion in multilateral diplomacy has occurred, and examine its characteristic procedures.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   29.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Further reading

  • Bailey, S. D. and S. Daws, The Procedure of the UN Security Council, 3rd edn (Clarendon Press: Oxford, 1998).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Barder, Brian, What Diplomats Do: The life and work of diplomats (Rowman & Littlefield: Lanham, MD, 2014): ch. 6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brahimi, L., Notes to Correspondents: ‘Transcript of press conference by Joint Special Representative for Syria (JSRS) Lakhdar Brahimi’, Geneva, 20 December 2013 (United Nations) [www].

    Google Scholar 

  • Buzan, B., ‘Negotiating by consensus: Developments in technique at the United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea’, American Journal of International Law, 72(2), 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  • ‘Congress’, in Encyclopedia Britannica (1911 edn), written by Walter Allison Phillips [www].

    Google Scholar 

  • Evans, Gareth, ‘Commission Diplomacy’, in Andrew F. Cooper, Jorge Heine, and Ramesh Thaku (eds), The Oxford Handbook of Modern Diplomacy (Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2013).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fennessy, J. G., ‘The 1975 Convention on the Representation of States in their Relations with International Organizations of a Universal Character’, American Journal of International Law, 70, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  • G20 [www].

    Google Scholar 

  • G20 Information Centre (University of Toronto) [www].

    Google Scholar 

  • Hankey, Lord, Diplomacy by Conference: Studies in public affairs 1920–1946 (Benn: London, 1946) [www].

    Google Scholar 

  • IAEA [www].

    Google Scholar 

  • Jenks, C. W., ‘Unanimity, the veto, weighted voting, special and simple majorities and consensus as modes of decision in international organisations’, Cambridge Essays in International Law: Essays in honour of Lord McNair (Stevens: London; Oceana: Dobbs Ferry, NY, 1965).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kahler, M., Leadership Selection in the Major Multilaterals (Inst. for International Economics: Washington, November 2001): 23–4, 62–75, 80, 85.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kissinger, H. A., Years of Upheaval (Weidenfeld & Nicolson/Michael Joseph: London, 1982): ch. 17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Langhorne, R., ‘The development of international conferences, 1648–1830’, in Studies in History and Politics, 11, pt 2, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  • Laub, Z., ‘The UN Security Council’, CFR Backgrounders, 6 December 2013 [www].

    Google Scholar 

  • Lehmann, Volker, ‘Reforming the working methods of the UN Security Council: The next ACT’, Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, August 2013 [www].

    Google Scholar 

  • MacMillan, Margaret, Peacemakers: The Paris Conference of 1919 and its attempt to end war (John Murray: London, 2001).

    Google Scholar 

  • Peters, J., Building Bridges: The Arab-Israeli multilateral talks (RIIA: London, 1994).

    Google Scholar 

  • Randle, R. F., Geneva 1954: The settlement of the Indochinese War (Princeton University Press: Princeton, NJ, 1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • UN Chronicle, ‘The process of informals in the Fifth Committee’, March–May, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walker, Ronald A., Multilateral Conferences: Purposeful international negotiation (Palgrave Macmillan: Basingstoke, 2004).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Webster, Sir Charles, The Art and Practice of Diplomacy (Chatto & Windus: London, 1961): ch. 4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zamora, S., ‘Voting in international economic organizations’, American Journal of International Law, 74, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Copyright information

© 2015 G. R. Berridge

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Berridge, G.R. (2015). Conferences. In: Diplomacy. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137445520_12

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics