Abstract
To tackle today’s complex security challenges, the European Union (EU) has endeavoured to develop an integrated defence and security policy, and a so-called ‘comprehensive approach’ that mixes together civilian and military means. Both undertakings have their share of conceptual and operational challenges, but they hold the promise of considerable improvements in the EU’s conception and conduct of peace operations. Still, major hindrances remain, both at an intra-EU level and between the EU and its partners, among which issues pertaining to national sovereignty stand in importance.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Acemoglu D. and Robinson J. (2010) ‘The Role of Institutions in Growth and Development’ in Brady D. and Spence M. (eds) Leadership and Growth (Washington, DC: Commission on Growth and Development), 135–164.
Albrecht H. and Schlumberger O. (2004) ‘Waiting for Godot’: Regime Change Without Democratization in the Middle East’, International Political Science Review, 25, 4, 371–392.
Altunisik M. (1996) ‘A Rentier State’s Response to Oil Crisis: Economic and Political Liberalization’, Arab Studies Quarterly, 18, 4.
Al-Werfalli M. (2011) Political Alienation in Libya: Assessing Citizens’ Political Behavior (New York: Ithaca Press).
AP (2011) Libya’s Oil Production Could Quadruple in a Year [online], available at: http://articles.businessinsider.com/2011–10-20/markets/30301294_1_libyan-crude-oil-industry-libyan-oil, date accessed 5 March 2014.
Auty R. (1993) Sustaining Development in Mineral Economies: The Resource Curse Thesis (London: Routledge).
Bannon I. and Collier P. (2003) (eds) Natural Resources and Violent Conflict: Options and Actions (Washington, DC: The World Bank).
Beck M. and Hüser S. (2012) Political Change in the Middle East: An Attempt to Analyze the ‘Arab Spring’ (Hamburg: GIGA).
Benjamin N., Devarajan S. and Weiner R. (1989) ‘The “Dutch” Disease in a Developing Country: Oil Reserves in Cameroon’, Journal of Development Economics, 30, 1, 71–92.
Bonn International Center for Conversion (2009) Natural Resources in Côte d’Ivoire: Fostering Crisis or Peace? The Cocoa, Diamond, Gold and Oil Sectors (Bonn: BICC).
Bruch C. et al. (2008) ‘Post-Conflict Peace Building and Natural Resources’, Yearbook of International Environmental Law, 19, 1, 58–96.
Cabrales A. and Hauk E. (2010) ‘The Quality of Political Institutions and the Curse of Natural Resources’, Economic Journal, 121, 551, 58–88.
Cha A. E. (2011) ‘Spike in Global Food Prices Contributes to Tunisian Violence’, Washington Post, 14 January.
Council of the European Union (2003) A Secure Europe in a Better World: European Security Strategy (Brussels: Council of the European Union).
Council of the European Union (2008a) Report on the Implementation of the European Security Strategy: Providing Security in a Changing World, Brussels: S407/8, 11 December.
Council of the European Union (2008b) Climate Change and International Security, Brussels: S113/08, 14 March.
Dwan R. and Bailey L. (2006) Liberia’s Governance and Economic Management Assistance Programme (GEMAP). A Joint Review by the Department of Peacekeeping Operations’ Peacekeeping Best Practices Section and the World Bank’s Fragile States Group (Washington, DC: World Bank and UN DPKO).
Evans-Pritchard A. (2011) ‘Egypt and Tunisia Usher in the New Era of Global Food Revolutions’, Telegraph, 30 January.
Fraser E. and Rimas A. (2011) ‘The Psychology of Food Riots: When Do Price Spikes Lead to Unrest?’ Foreign Affairs, 30 January.
Garrett N. and Piccinni A. (2012) Natural Resources and Conflict: A New Security Challenge for the European Union (Stockholm: SIPRI and Resource Consulting Services).
Gray M. (2011) A Theory of ‘Late Rentierism’ in the Arab States of the Gulf (Qatar: Georgetown University).
Hafez Z. (2009) ‘The Culture of Rent, Factionalism, and Corruption: A Political Economy of Rent in the Arab World’, Contemporary Arab Affairs, 2, 3, 458–480.
Hamoudi A. (2012) ‘Arab Spring, Libyan Liberation and the Externally Imposed Democratic Revolution’, Denver University Law Review, 89, 3, 699–734.
Heinrigs P. (2010) Security Implications of Climate Change in the Sahel Region: Policy Considerations (Paris: Sahel and West Africa Club Secretariat (OECD)).
Hellendorff B. (2012a) Ressources naturelles, conflits et construction de la paix en Afrique de l’Ouest (Brussels: GRIP).
Hellendorff B. (2012b) Changement climatique et conflits agro-pastoraux au Sahel (Brussels: GRIP).
Hellendorff B. (2012c) Acquisitions de terres en Afrique de l’Ouest — Etat des lieux, moteurs et enjeux pour la sécurité (Brussels: GRIP).
Hellendorff B. (2013) L’eau, les conflits et la coopération — Gestion de l’eau en Afrique de l’Ouest: Risques et opportunités (Brussels: GRIP).
High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy (2011a) A Partnership for Democracy and Shared Prosperity with the Southern Mediterranean, Brussels, COM(2011) 200 final, 8 March.
High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy (2011b) A New Response to a Changing Neighbourhood, Brussels, COM (2011) 303 final, 25 May.
Hoebeke H. (2007) ‘The EU and “Conflict Peacebuilding” in the DRC’, Studia Diplomatica, 60, 1.
Humphreys M. (2005) ‘Natural Resources, Conflict, and Conflict Resolution: Uncovering the Mechanisms’, Journal o f Conflict Resolution, 49, 4, 508–537.
Ki-Moon B. (2007) ‘A Climate Culprit in Darfur’, Washington Post, 16 June.
Le Billon P. (2001) ‘The Political Ecology of War: Natural Resources and Armed Conflicts’, Political Geography, 20, 5, 561–584.
Le Billon P. and Levin E. (2009) ‘Building Peace with Conflict Diamonds? Merging Security and Development in Sierra Leone’, Development and Change, 40, 4, 693–715.
Lowi M. (2004) ‘Oil Rents and Political Breakdown in Patrimonial States: Algeria in Comparative Perspective’, Journal of North African Studies, 9, 3, 83–102.
Lujala P. and Rustad S. A. (2012) (eds) High-Value Natural Resources and Post-Conflict Peacebuilding (New York: Earthscan).
Malik A. (2011) ‘The Economics of the Arab Spring’, Al-Jazeera, 13 October.
Malik A. and Awadallah B. (2011) The Economics of the Arab Spring (Oxford: CSAE).
Mehlum H., Moene K. and Torvik R. (2006) ‘Institutions and the Resource Curse’, Economic Journal, 116, 508, 1–20.
Melvin N. and De Koning R. (2011) ‘Resources and Armed Conflict’ in SIPRI Yearbook 2011: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security (New York: Oxford University Press), 39–60.
Mitchell H. (2012) ‘A More Formal Engagement: A Constructive Critique of Certification as a Means of Preventing Conflict and Building Peace’ in HighValue Natural Resources and Post-Conflict Peacebuilding (London: Earthscan), 195–200.
Mwiturubani D. A. and Van Wyk J.-A. (2010) Climate Change and Natural Resources Conflicts in Africa (Pretoria: ISS Monograph).
Okechukwu G. P. (2012) ‘Oil Politics and War in Libya: Arming of Rebels and the New Phase of Neo-Democracy Evaluated’, Journal of Alternative Perspectives in the Social Sciences, 3, 4, 827–870.
PWYP International (2013) European Union Reaches Deal on Historic Oil and Mining Transparency Law [online], available at: http://www.publishwhatyoupay.org/resources/european-union-reache s-deal-historic-oil-and-mining-transparency-law, date accessed 14 March 2014.
Reuters (2011) ‘Nombreux morts à Tripoli, appel d’oulémas à chasser Kadhafi’, L’Express, 21 February.
Sachs J. and Warner A. (2001) ‘The Curse of Natural Resources’, European Economic Review, 45, 4–6, 827–838.
Sahel and West Africa Club (2007) Land, Agricultural Change and Conflict in West Africa: Regional Issues from Sierra Leone, Liberia and Côte d’Ivoire: Historical Overview (Paris: OECD ).
Sandbakken C. (2006) ‘The Limits to Democracy Posed by Oil Rentier States: The Cases of Algeria, Nigeria and Libya’, Democratization, 13, 1, 135–152.
Sawani Y. M. (2012) ‘Post-Qadhafi Libya: Interactive Dynamics and the Political Future’, Contemporary Arab Affairs, 5, 1, 1–26.
St John R. (2008) ‘Redefining the Libyan Revolution: The Changing Ideology of Muammar al-Qaddafi’, Journal of North African Studies, 13, 1, 91–106.
Torvik R. (2001) ‘Learning by Doing and the Dutch Disease’, European Economic Review, 45, 2, 285–306.
UNEP (2009) From Conflict to Peacebuilding — The Role of Natural Resources and the Environment (Geneva: UNEP).
UNEP (2011) Livelihood Security: Climate Change, Migration and Conflict in the Sahel (Geneva: UNEP).
UNEP (2012) Greening the Blue Helmets: Environment, Natural Resources and UN Peacekeeping Operations (Nairobi: UNEP).
United Nations (2006) United Nations Expert Group Meeting on Natural Resources and Conflict in Africa: Transforming a Peace Liability into a Peace Asset. Cairo: Office of the Special Adviser on Africa (OSAA) and the Government of Egypt.
Vandewalle D. (1991) ‘Qadhafi’s “Perestroika”: Economic and Political Liberalization in Libya’, Middle East Journal, 45, 2, 216–231.
Vandewalle D. (1998) Libya Since Independence: Oil and State-Building (London: Cornell University Press).
Vandewalle D. (2011) ‘Good Riddance, Gaddafi’, Newsweek, 9 May.
Vicente P. (2010) ‘Does Oil Corrupt? Evidence from a Natural Experiment in West Africa’, Journal of Development Economics, 92, 1, 28–38.
Wennmann A. (2007) ‘The Political Economy of Conflict Financing: A Comprehensive Approach Beyond Natural Resources’, Global Governance, 13, 3, 427–444.
Wennmann A. (2011) ‘Breaking the Conflict Trap? Addressing the Resource Curse in Peace Processes’, Global Governance, 17, 2, 265–279.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2015 Bruno Hellendorff
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hellendorff, B. (2015). A Functional Approach to the Construction of Peace: Including Natural Resources Management in (the Design of) EU Peace Operations. In: Galantino, M.G., Freire, M.R. (eds) Managing Crises, Making Peace. Rethinking Peace and Conflict Studies. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137442253_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137442253_6
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-49500-9
Online ISBN: 978-1-137-44225-3
eBook Packages: Palgrave Intern. Relations & Development CollectionPolitical Science and International Studies (R0)