Abstract
Before presenting the concluding observation of this study, it may be useful to recapitulate briefly its overall argument. Chapters 2 and 3 examined the communitarian and Islamist critiques of the diffusion of liberal norms, principles, and institutions, both internationally and within the realm of domestic politics and societies. Chapter 4 has shown that com-munitarianism and Islamism are critical of liberalism in similar ways not by coincidence, but because they rely on analogous conceptions of community and person. The comparative analysis of these conceptions highlighted their commonalities and concluded that Islamism can be understood as part of the wider tradition of communitarian political theory.
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Notes
Alexander L. George and Andrew Bennett, Case studies and theory development in the social sciences, BCSIA studies in international security (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2005), pp. 120–3.
The reader may consider a more in-depth discussion of this concept applied to Hezbollah in Dionigi, Filippo, “UN Security council resolutions as factors of international socialization: the case of Hezbollah,” International Peacekeeping 21, no. 3 (2014): 286–306.
Kenneth Neal Waltz, Theory of international politics, Addison-Wesley series in political science (Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1979), p. 52. As regards the socialization of non-conformist states, see also ibid., pp. 126–7.
Hedley Bull and Adam Watson, The expansion of international society (Oxford: Clarendon, 1984).
G. John Ikenberry and Charles A. Kupchan, “Socialization and hegemonic power,” International Organization 44, no. 3 (1990): pp. 289–90.
Thomas Risse-Kappen and Kathryn Sikkink, “The socialisation of international human rights norms into domestic practices: introduction,” in The power of human rights: international norms and domestic change, ed. Thomas Risse-Kappen, Steve C. Ropp, and Kathryn Sikkink (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999).
Frank Schimmelfennig, “International socialization in the New Europe: rational action in an institutional environment,” European Journal of International Relations 6, no. 1 (2000): p. 116.
Alastair Iain Johnston, “Treating international institutions as social environments,” International Studies Quarterly 45, no. 4 (2001): p. 495.
Hugo Slim, “Why protect civilians? Innocence, immunity and enmity in war,” International Affairs 79, no. 3 (2003): p. 483.
Ruti G. Teitel, Humanity’s law (Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2011), p. 208.
See for a similar argument, the work of Martha Finnemore on the diffusion of a norm of humanitarian intervention in which she claims that the “the second half of the twentieth century norms about who was ‘human’ had changed, expanding the population deserving of humanitarian protection.” Martha Finnemore, “Constructing norms of humanitarian intervention,” in The culture of national security: norms and identity in world politics, ed. Peter J. Katzenstein (New York: Columbia University Press, 1996), p. 184.
Asef Bayat, Post-Islamism: the changing faces of political Islam (New York: Oxford University Press, 2013), p. 5 (emphasis in original).
With specific reference to Hezbollah, Bayat notices that this process is far from being accomplished, a point with which I fully agree and that is in contrast with Alagha’s view. Ibid., pp. 17–18; Joseph Alagha, “Hizbullah’s infi-tah: a Post-Islamist Turn?,” in Post-Islamism: the changing faces of political Islam, ed. Asef Bayat (New York: Oxford University Press, 2013).
Joseph Elie Alagha, Hizbullah’s documents: from the 1985 Open letter to the 2009 Manifesto (Amsterdam: Pallas Publications, 2011), p. 126.
Alexander Wendt, Social theory of international politics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), p. 78 (emphasis in original).
Dennis Ross and David Makovsky, Myths, illusions, and peace: finding a new direction for America in the Middle East (New York: Viking, 2009), p. 267.
Olivier Roy, Globalized Islam: the search for a new Ummah, The CERI series in comparative politics and international studies (New York: Columbia University Press, 2004);
Peter Mandaville, Transnational Muslim politics: reimagining the umma, Transnationalism (London: Routledge, 2001).
Milja Kurki “Causes of a divided discipline: rethinking the concept of cause in international relations theory,” Review of International Studies 32, no. 2 (2006): 189–216.
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© 2014 Filippo Dionigi
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Dionigi, F. (2014). Conclusions: The Impact of International Norms on Islamist Politics. In: Hezbollah, Islamist Politics, and International Society. Middle East Today. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137403025_10
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137403025_10
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