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Brent: “I thought you had a good enlightened borough council. After all, they have invited me.”
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Notes
See, for instance, Thomas Borstelmann, The Cold War and the Color Line: American Race Relations in the Global Arena (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2001);
Mary L. Dudziak, Cold War Civil Rights: Race and the Image of American Democracy (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2000); and
Azza Salama Layton, International Politics and Civil Rights Policies in the United States, 1941–1960 (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000).
Kevin Gaines, “The Civil Rights Movement in World Perspective,” in America on the World Stage: A Global Approach to U.S. History, eds Gary W. Reichard and Ted Dickson (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2008), pp. 189–207;
Robin D. G. Kelley, “‘But a Local Phase of a World Problem’: Black History’s Global Vision, 1883–1950,” Journal of American History 86 (1999): 1054–77;
Brenda Gayle Plummer, Rising Wind: Black Americans and U.S. Foreign Affairs, 1935–1960 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996).
Thomas Noer, “Segregationists and the World: The Foreign Policy of White Resistance,” in Window on Freedom: Race, Civil Rights, and Foreign Affairs, 1945–1988, ed. Brenda Gayle Plummer (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003), pp. 141–162.
For analyses of UK racial attitudes that stress only the influence of colonial contact see, for example, Chris Waters, “‘Dark Strangers’ in our Midst: Discourses of Race and Nation in Britain, 1947–1963,” Journal of British Studies 36 (1997): 216;
Marcus Collins, “West Indian Men in Mid-Twentieth-Century Britain,” Journal of British Studies 40 (2001): 394. On the cultural influence of the United States on Britain, see
Adrian Horn, Juke Box Britain: Americanisation and Youth Culture, 1945–1960 (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2009).
A particularly good example of this approach is Sheila Patterson, Dark Strangers: A Study of West Indians in London (London: Routledge and Keagan Paul, 1963).
Hugh Wilford, “The South and the British Left, 1930–1960,” in Britain and the American South: From Colonialism to Rock and Roll, ed. Joseph P. Ward (Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2003), p. 165.
Alfred O. Hero, Jr., The Southerner and World Affairs (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2005), p. 91;
Joseph A. Fry, Dixie Looks Abroad: The South and U.S. Foreign Relations, 1789–1973 (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2002), pp. 226–27. For discussion of the historical relationship between the American South and England from the perspective of a southern segregationist, see
Frank E. Westmoreland, The South: Last Bulwark of America (New York: Vantage, 1958), pp. 13–26.
Laura A. Belmonte, Selling the American Way: U.S. Propaganda and the Cold War (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2008), p. 170.
The Observer, September 29, 1957. For more on UK criticism of Jim Crow, see Mike Sewell, “British Responses to Martin Luther King, Jr. and the Civil Rights Movement, 1954–68,” in The Making of Martin Luther King and the Civil Rights Movement, eds Brian Ward and Tony Badger (Houndmills, Basingstoke, and London: Macmillan, 1996), pp. 197, 198, 202.
The best study of racial disorder in postwar United Kingdom is Edward Pilkington, Beyond the Mother Country: West Indians and the Notting Hill White Riots (London: I. B. Tauris, 1988).
J. A. G. Griffith, Judith Henderson, Margaret Usborne, and Donald Wood, Coloured Immigrants in Britain (London: Oxford University Press, 1960), p. vii. See also
Nicholas Deakin, ed., Colour and the British Electorate 1964: Six Case Studies (London: Pall Mall Press, 1965), p. 1. For evidence of American press reaction including criticism of British hypocrisy, see Los Angeles Times, September 3, 1958, and Chicago Daily Tribune, September 17, 1958.
Picture Post, October 30, 1954; Anthony S. Richmond, The Colour Problem (Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Pengguin, 1961), pp. 245, 285; Clifford S. Hill, How Colour Prejudiced is Britain? (London: Victor Gollancz, 1965), 209.
Robert Miles and Annie Phizacklea, White Man’s Country: Racism in British Politics (London: Pluto, 1984), pp. 34, 36.
Manchester Guardian, May 19, 1959. For further information on the Parker lynching, see Howard Smead, Blood Justice: The Lynching of Mack Charles Parker (New York: Oxford University Press, 1986).
There are numerous studies of the Till case. See, for example, Stephen J. Whitfield, A Death in the Delta: The Story of Emmett Till (New York: Free Press, 1988).
On the Levittown riot, see “Introduction: The End of Southern History,” in The Myth of Southern Exceptionalism, eds Matthew D. Lassiter and Joseph Crespino (New York: Oxford University Press, 2010), pp. 4–5.
The Citizens’ Council 1:5 (February 1956): 1; 1:9 (June 1956): 3; 1:11 (August 1956): 3. 4 7. Daily Sketch, April 29, 1957; Guardian, May 3, June 1, 1957; Daily Worker, August 28, 1958; Colin Holmes, “Violence and Race Relations in Britain, 1953–1968,” Phylon 36 (1975): 113.
Saskatoon Star-Phoenix, August 2, 1962; William H. Schmaltz, Hate: George Lincoln Rockwell & the American Nazi Party (Dulles, VA.: Brassey’s, 1999), pp. 146–151;
Frederick J. Simonelli, American Fuehrer: George Lincoln Rockwell and the American Nazi Party (Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1999), pp. 81–82, 86 – 87.
George Thayer, The Farther Shores of Politics: The American Political Fringe Today (London: Allen Lane, 1968), p. 35;
Graham Macklin, Very Deeply Dyed in Black: Sir Oswald Mosley and the Resurrection of British Fascism after 1945 (London and New York: I. B. Tauris, 2007), p. 70;
Richard Thurlow, Fascism in Britain: From Oswald Mosley’s Blackshirts to the National Front (London and New York: I. B. Tauris, 1998), p. 239; Charles L. Sanders, “Race Problem in Great Britain: Bias forces “coloureds” to band together for survival as in U.S.” Ebony (November 1965): 147.
Peter Griffiths, A Question of Colour (London: Leslie Frewin, 1966).
James Jupp, “Immigrant Involvement in British and Australian Politics,” Race 10 (1969): 336;
Lord Elton, The Unarmed Invasion: A Survey of Afro-Asian Immigration (London: Geoffrey Bles, 1965), pp. 75–76.
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© 2015 Robin D. G. Kelley and Stephen Tuck
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Webb, C. (2015). Brotherhood, Betrayal, and Rivers of Blood: Southern Segregationists and British Race Relations. In: The Other Special Relationship. Contemporary Black History. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137392701_10
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