Skip to main content

Using Court Records for Sentencing Research: Pitfalls and Possibilities

  • Chapter
Book cover Exploring Sentencing Practice in England and Wales

Abstract

Between June 2011 and June 2012, over 1.25 million offenders were sentenced in England and Wales (Ministry of Justice, 2012). The vast majority (92%) of sentences were passed by the magistrates’ courts, where sentencing powers are limited to a maximum of 6 months in custody for a single offence. The remaining minority of sentences were passed in the Crown Court, which does not have such restraints. Two-thirds (66%) of the sentences imposed were fines. Community sentences/orders comprised 13% of sentences passed, followed by custodial sentences (12%; where 4% were suspended and the average length was 15 months). Finally, conditional or absolute discharges represented approximately 7% of sentences (Ministry of Justice, 2012).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 44.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 89.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Brown, I. and Hullin, R. (1992) A Study of Sentencing in the Leeds Magistrates’ Courts. British Journal of Criminology, 32: 41–53. http://bjc.oxfordjoumals.org/content/32/1/41.full.pdf+html.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cammiss, S. and Stride, C. (2008) Modelling Mode of Trial. British Journal of Criminology, 48: 482–501. DOI: 10.1093/bjc/azn029.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dhami, M.K., Hertwig, R. and Hoffrage, U. (2004) The Role of Representative Design in an Ecological Approach to Cognition. Psychological Bulletin, 130: 959–988. DOI: 10.1037/0033–2909.130.6.959.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dhami, M.K. and Souza, K.. (2009a) Breaking into court. In: D.L. Streiner and S. Sidani (eds) When Research Goes off the Rails: Why It Happens and What You Can Do about It. New York: Guildford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dhami, M.K. and Souza (2009b) Study of Sentencing and its Outcomes: Pilot Report (Ministry of Justice Research Series 2/09). London: Ministry of Justice.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fanington. D. and Morris, A. (1983) Sex, Sentencing and Reconviction, British Journal of Criminology, 23: 229–248. http://bjc.oxfordjoumals.org/content/23/3/229.full.pdf+html.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flood-Page, C. and Mackie, A. (1998) Sentencing Practice: An Examination of Decisions in Magistrates’ Courts and the Crown Court in the Mid-1990’s. (Home Office research study no. 180). http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ERORecords/HO/421/2/P2/RDS/PDFS/HORS180.PDF.

  • Halevy T. (1995) Racial Discrimination in Sentencing: A Study with Dubious Conclusions. Criminal Law Review, 267–271. http://www.sweetandmaxwell.co.uk/catalogue/productdetails.aspx?recordid=4 78&productid=7139.

  • Hedderman, C. (1990) The Effect of Defendants ‘Demean our on Sentencing in Magistrates’ courts. (Home Office Research Study no. 170). London: Home Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hedderman, C. (1991) Custody Decisions for Property Offenders in the Crown Court. Howard Journal of Criminal Justice, 30, 207–217. DOI: 10.1111/j. 1468–2311.1991. tb00709.x.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hedderman, C. and Moxon, D. (1992) Magistrates’ court or Crown Court? Mode of Trial Decision and Sentencing (Home Office Research Study no. 125). London: Home Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hood, R. (1992) Race and Sentencing: A Study in the Crown Court. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hough, M., Bradford, B., Jackson, J. and Roberts, J.V. (2013) Attitudes to Sentencing and Trust in Justice: Exploring Trends from the Crime Survey for England and Wales. https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/230186/Attitudes to Sentencing and Trust in Justiceweb.pdf.

  • Hough, M., Jacobson, J. and Millie, A. (2003). The Decision to Imprison: Sentencing and the Prison Population, http://www.icpr.org.uk/media/10309/DECISIONTOIMPRISONBOOK.pdf.

  • Ipsos MORI (2011) The Strengths and Skills of the Judiciary in the Magistrates’ Courts. Ministry of Justice Research Series 9/11. https://www.gov.uk/govern~ment/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/217366/strengths-skills-judiciary.pdf.

  • Mason, T., de Silva, N., Sharma, N., Brown, D. and Harper, G. (2007) ‘Local Variation in Sentencing in England and Wales’, https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/syst em/uploads/attachment_data/file/217971/local-variation-sentencing-1207.pdf.

  • Menall, E.L.C., Dhami, M.K. and Bird, S.M. (2010) Exploring Methods to Investigate Sentencing Decisions, Evaluation Review, 34: 185–219. DOI: 10.1177/0193841X10369624.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ministry of Justice (2010) Sentencing Statistics: England and Wales 2009 Statistics Bulletin. https://www.gov.uk/govemment/uploads/system/uploads/attach-ment_data/file/218034/sentencing-stats2009.pdf.

  • Ministry of Justice (2012) Criminal Justice Statistics Quarterly Update to June 2012: Ministry of Justice Statistics Bulletin, https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/ uploads/attachment_data/file/220090/criminal-justice-stats-sept-2012.pdf.

  • Ministry of Justice (2013) Statistics on Race and the Criminal Justice System 2012. https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/269399/Race-and-cjs-2012.pdf.

  • Mortimer, E. and May C. (1997) Electronic Monitoring in Practice: The Second Year of the Trials of Curfew Orders (Home Office research study no. 177). http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ERORecords/HO/421/2/P2/RDS/PDFS/HORS177.PDR

  • Moxon, D. (1988) Sentencing Practice in the Crown Court (Home Office research study no. 103). London: Home Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moxon, D. and Hedderman, C. (1994) Mode of Trial Decisions and Sentencing Differences between Courts. Howard Journal of Criminal Justice, 33: 97–108. DOI: 10.1111/j. 1468–2311.1994.tb00798.x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mueller-Johnson, K., and Dhami, M.K. (2010) Effects of Offenders’ Age and Health on Sentencing Decisions. Journal of Social Psychology, 150: 11–91. DOI: 10.1080/00224540903365315.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nisbett, R.E. and Wilson, T.. (1977) Telling More Than We Can Know: Verbal Reports on Mental Processes. Psychological Review, 84: 231–259. DOI: 10.1037/0033–295X.84.3.231.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paulhus, D.L. (1991) Measurement and control of response bias. In: J.P. Robinson, P.R. Shaver and L.S. Wrightsman (eds) Measures of Personality and

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Copyright information

© 2015 Mandeep Dhami and Ian Belton

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Dhami, M., Belton, I. (2015). Using Court Records for Sentencing Research: Pitfalls and Possibilities. In: Roberts, J.V. (eds) Exploring Sentencing Practice in England and Wales. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137390400_2

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics