Abstract
As we saw in Chapter Two, 1970 is viewed as a turning point in Japanese cultural trends. Ōsawa terms the period from that year to 1995 the fictional age, when Japanese culture gradually shifted from struggling for change through political movements to seeking ideals in fictional settings. This shift is particularly evident in major apocalyptic science fiction narratives from the 1980s and 1990s, especially those with prequels or sequels. An influential literary example from the 1980s is Sekai no owari to hādo boirudo wandācrando (Hard-Boiled Wonderland and the End of the World, 1985) by Murakami Haruki (b. 1949), and its precursor Machi to sono futashikana kabe (The Town and its Uncertain Wall, 1980). In popular culture, the apocalyptic animation film Kaze no tani no Naushika (Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind, 1984) by Miyazaki Hayao (b. 1941) was serialized as a manga until 1994, and the manga narrative differs from that of the animation. Another internationally renowned apocalyptic animation, AKIRA (1988) by Ōtomo Katsuhiro (b. 1954), was also serialized as a manga until 1990, and the manga version of this story also has a different message from the film version.
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Notes
Murakami Haruki, Sekai no owari to hādo boirudo wandārando (Hard-Boiled Wonderland and the End of the World) ( Tokyo: Shinchōsha, 1985 ).
Bungakukai special edition, Murakami Haruki bukku ( Murakami Haruki Book) (Tokyo: Bungei shunjūsha, April 1991 ), 42.
Murakami Haruki, “Machi to sono futashikana kabe” (The Town and its Uncertain Wall), Bungakukai ( Tokyo: Bungei shunjūsha, September 1980 ): 46–99.
Ted Daniels, Introduction in Millennialism: An International Bibliography (New York: Garland Publishing, 1992), xxv–xxvi.
Matthew Strecher, Dances with Sheep ( Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2002 ), 41.
Miyazaki Hayao, Kaze no tani no Naushika (Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind), 7 vols (Tokyo: Tokuma shoten, 1987–1994).
For a thorough and insightful analysis of Nausicaä as an example of apocalyptic narrative, see Susan J. Napier, Anime from Akira to Princess Mononoke ( New York: Palgrave, 2001 ), 202–204.
Ōtsuka Eiji and Sasakibara Gō, Kybyd to shite no manga, anime ( Comic Books and Animations as Culture) (Tokyo: Kōdansha, 2001 ), 153–157.
Kiridōshi Risaku, Miyazaki Hayao no sekai ( The World of Miyazaki Hayao) (Tokyo: Chikuma shoten, 2001 ), 305.
Ōtomo Katsuhiro, AKIRA, 6 vols (Tokyo: Kōdansha, 1984–1993).
Susan J. Napier, The Fantastic in Modern Japanese Literature: The Subversion of Modernity ( London, New York: Routledge, 1996 ), 219.
Susan J. Napier, “Panic Sites: The Japanese Imagination of Disaster from Godzilla to Akira,” Journal of Japanese Studies 19, 2 (Summer 1993): 327–351.
Sawaragi Noi, Nihon, gendai, bijutsu ( Japan, Contemporary, Art) (Tokyo: Shinchōsha, 1997 ), 12–26.
Azuma Hiroki, Otaku: Japan’s Database Animals, trans. Jonathan E. Abel and Kōno Shion ( Minneapolis: University of Minnesota, 2009 ), 15.
Ōsawa Masachi, Kyokô no jidai no hate ( The End of the Fictional Age) (Tokyo: Chikuma Shobō, 1996 ), 49–50.
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© 2014 Motoko Tanaka
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Tanaka, M. (2014). Apocalyptic Science Fiction in 1980s Japan. In: Apocalypse in Contemporary Japanese Science Fiction. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137373557_5
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