Abstract
This chapter rethinks the question of identity, citizenship, and violence in the two newly independent states by reimagining that a common humanity and citizenship leads to a recognition of the fact that their futures, as two sovereign states, are linked. It examines the framing of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), which was signed on January 9, 2005 between the Government of Sudan (GoS) and the SPLM/A, and the nationalistic driven debate on the referendum which led to the formation of South Sudan as the newest African state. It also discusses critically the discourse on a “New Sudan” highlighting its strengths and weaknesses.
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Notes
See SPLM/SPLA Department of Information, “On the New Sudari” in Abdel Ghaffer M. Ahmed and Gunner M. Sorbo, eds, Management of the Crisis in the Sudan, University of Bergen, Center for development Studies, 1989, pp. 83–90.
Giorgio Musso, “Sudan: The North-South Forgotten Crisis and Africa’s Next (Failed) State,” ISPI Policy Brief, 156, September 2009, 2.
See Francis Deng, “Sudan at the Crossroads,” in New Sudan in the Making? Essays on a Nation in Painful Search of Itself, Asmara: African World Press, 2010. pp. 33–56,
and also see Amir Idris, Conflict and Politics of Identity in Sudan, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005, ch. 5.
For interesting discussion see al Wathig Kameir, ed., John Garang Vision of New Sudan: Rebuilding the Sudanese State, Cairo: Roya Publisher, 2005.
For a critique of the CPA by a politician from the South see Bona Malwal, Sudan’s Latest Peace Agreement: An Accord that Is Neither Fair Nor Comprehensive, A Critique, published by Abdel Karim Marghani Cultural Center, Omdurman, Sudan, 2005.
For a detail study on the socio-cultural institutions and laws governing Southern Sudanese society, see Jane Kani Edward, Sudanese Women Refugees: Transformations and Future Imaginings, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007, ch. 6. See also her work “Women and Political Participation in South Sudan,” Sudantribune.com. Thursday 8 September 2011, and “Women and Customary Law in Southern Sudan,” Sudantribune.com, Thursday 8 March 2007. See also her recent study, “Women and Human Rights in South Sudan,” Journal of Catholic Social Thought, 10, 1, 2013, pp. 91–115. The study shows how customary law undercuts women’s rights in South Sudan.
See Amir Idris, “Beyond ‘African’ and ‘Arab’”, in New Sudan in the Making? 2010, p. 211.
Khalid Mustafa Medani, “Black Monday: The Political and Economic Dimension of Sudan’s Urban Riot,” Middle East Report, August, 2005.
For a detailed report on the subject see Mayank Bubna, “South Sudan’s Militias,” The Enough Project, March 3, 2011.
Peter A. Nyaba, The Politics of Liberation in South Sudan: An Insider’s View, Kampala: Fountain Publisher, 1997, pp. 6–7.
For a detailed study on ethnic conflict between the Nuer and Dinka, see Jok Madut Jok and Sharon Elaine Hutchinson, “Sudan’s Prolonged Second Civil War and the Militarization of Nuer and Dinka Ethnic Identities,” African Studies Review, 42, 2, 1999, pp. 125–145.
Robyn Dixon, “South Sudan’s Dreams Slipping Away Already,” Los Angeles Times, March 22, 2012.
Andrew S. Natsios, Sudan, South Sudan & Darfur: What Everyone Needs to Know, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012, p. 220.
Edward W. Said, Reflections on Exile and Other Essays, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press, 2003, p. xv.
Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na’im, Islam and the Secular State: Negotiating the Future of Shari’a, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2008, p. 127.
Abdel Salam Sidahmed and Anoushiravan Ehteshami, eds, Islamic Fundamentalism, Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1996;
Abdel Salam Sidahmed, Politics and Islam in Contemporary Sudan, New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1996;
Abdullahi Gallab, The First Islamist Republic: Development and Disintegration of Islamism in the Sudan, Hampshire: Ashgate, 2008.
For interesting perspective on new Sudanese nation, see Francis M. Deng and Abdelwahab A. El-Affendi “Creatively Re-imagining a new Sudanese Nation: Towards Achieving Conditional Unity,” Contemporary Arab Affairs, 2010, 3, 3, pp. 334–351.
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© 2013 Amir Idris
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Idris, A. (2013). Reimagining a Common Future for Two Sudans. In: Identity, Citizenship, and Violence in Two Sudans: Reimagining a Common Future. Palgrave Pivot, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137371799_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137371799_6
Publisher Name: Palgrave Pivot, New York
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-47579-7
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