Skip to main content

Tainted Blood: The “Tragic Mulatto” Tradition

  • Chapter

Abstract

The Age of Obama has reignited the young interdisciplinary field of mixed race studies and proven the ongoing significance of the question, “What does it mean to be mixed race in America?” The two decades leading up to the momentous inauguration of a mixed race president were marked by a flurry of activity as academics, authors, and activists lobbied for new and better representation of mixed race people on a national scale. Obama’s very rise to power has symbolic echoes of mulatto characterizations in literature, where mulattos were often called upon to embody historic national moments. As Werner Sollors points out, the mulatto—the archaic term for a person of mixed black and white parentage—is sometimes cast as a radical young man who refuses to accept inferiority as his birthright.1 The displacement of John McCain and the replacement of George W. Bush by Obama, whose 2008 election campaign hinged on “change,” is the utopian alternate ending to numerous tragic mulatto fictions in which a young “upstart” mulatto man challenges an established white patriarchy.

Yet, ultimately, it is the aura of “smelling strangeness” and “the futility of coloured life” which lingers on in all these books.

—Vernon February, Mind Your Colour

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Notes

  1. Werner Sollors, Neither Black Nor White Yet Both: Thematic Explorations of Interracial Literature (New York: Oxford UP, 1997), 239–40.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  2. Kimberley McClain DaCosta, Making Multiracials: State, Family, and Market in the Redrawing of the Color Line (Stanford: Stanford UP, 2007), 163.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Chris Morris-Lent, “Barack the Magic What?” Columbia Spectator, January 21, 2009, http://www.columbiaspectator.com/2009/01/21/barack-magic-what/.

  4. Grant Farred, Midfielder’s Moment: Coloured Literature and Culture in Contemporary South Africa (Boulder: Westview P, 2000), 7.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Mohamed Adhikari, “From Narratives of Miscegenation to Post-Modernist Re-Imagining: Towards a Historiography of Coloured Identity in South Africa,” in Burdened by Race: Coloured Identities in Southern Africa, ed. Mohamed Adhikari (Cape Town: U of Cape Town P, 2009), 13.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Zimitri Erasmus, “Introduction: Re-Imagining Coloured Identities in Post-Apartheid South Africa,” in Coloured by History, Shaped by Place: New Perspectives on Coloured Identities in Cape Town, ed. Zimitri Erasmus (Cape Town: Kwela Books, 2001), 22–3.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Mohamed Adhikari, Not White Enough, Not Black Enough: Racial Identity in the South African Coloured Community (Athens, OH: Ohio UP, 2005), xii.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Mohamed Adhikari, “Introduction: Predicaments of Marginality: Cultural Creativity and Political Adaptation in Southern Africa’s Coloured Communities,” in Burdened by Race: Coloured Identities in Southern Africa, ed. Mohamed Adhikari (Cape Town: U of Cape Town P, 2009), viii.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Elleke Boehmer and Bart Moore-Gilbert, “Introduction to Special Issue: Postcolonial Studies and Transnational Resistance,” Interventions: International Journal of Postcolonial Studies 4, no. 1 (2002): 15.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Vernon February, Mind Your Colour: The ‘Coloured’ Stereotype in South African Literature (London: Kegan Paul International Ltd., 1981), 70.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Michele Elam, The Souls of Mixed Folk: Race, Politics, and Aesthetics in the New Millennium (Stanford: Stanford UP, 2011), 9–10.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Jennifer DeVere Brody, Impossible Purities: Blackness, Femininity, and Victorian Culture (Durham, NC: Duke UP, 1998), 16; Sollors, Neither Black Nor White Yet Both, 243.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Homi Bhabha, The Location of Culture (London: Routledge, 1994), 66.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Edward Long, The History of Jamaica; or, General Survey of the Antient and Modern State of That Island: With Reflections on Its Situations, Settlements, Inhabitants, Climate, Products, Commerce, Laws, and Government, vol. 2 (1774; repr., London: F. Cass, 1970), 335; Matthew Lewis, Journal of a West India Proprietor (1834; repr., Oxford: Oxford UP, 1999), 68.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Sterling A. Brown, “Negro Character as Seen by White Authors,” Journal of Negro Education 2 (April 1933): 195.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Eve Allegra Raimon, The “Tragic Mulatta” Revisited: Race and Nationalism in Nineteenth-Century Antislavery Fiction (New Brunswick: Rutgers UP, 2004), 7.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Stuart Hall, “The Spectacle of the ‘Other,’” in Representation: Cultural Representations and Signifying Practices, ed. Stuart Hall (London: Sage, 1997), 257.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Stuart Hall, “Introduction: Who Needs ‘Identity’?” in Questions of Cultural Identity, eds. Stuart Hall and Paul Du Gay (London: Sage, 1996), 4.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Toni Morrison, Playing in the Dark: Whiteness and the Literary Imagination (New York: Vintage Books, 1992), 63.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Copyright information

© 2013 Diana Adesola Mafe

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Mafe, D.A. (2013). Tainted Blood: The “Tragic Mulatto” Tradition. In: Mixed Race Stereotypes in South African and American Literature. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137364937_1

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics