Abstract
As discussed in Chapter 5, towards the end of the nineteenth century there were a great many more male inset contributors than there were females. Needlework, cookery and children’s columns, and short poems used as fillers between longer articles, were typically the preserve of women, such contributions occupying a modicum of space, appearing and disappearing over the years, apparently at an editor’s whim. But women dominated the authorship of fictional narratives, which afforded them a much more significant presence. In 1896, for instance, they contributed 88 per cent of the total fiction in Home Words, The Church Monthly and Dawn of Day. From the inset’s earliest period, the ubiquitous serial story, frequently contributed by a woman, occupied about a third of available inset space. While there were few female contributors, their input was highly significant.
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Notes
Callum G. Brown (2001) The Death of Christian Britain (Abingdon and New York), pp. 69–80, 195.
This view accords with that of J. S. Bratton (1981) The Impact of Victorian Children’s Fiction (London).
Kimberley Reynolds, ‘Tucker, Charlotte Maria (1821–1893)’, ODNB; Bratton, Impact, 70–9; Agnes Giberne (1895) A Lady of England: The Life and Letters of Charlotte Maria Tucker (London); John Sutherland (1988) The Longman Companion to Victorian Fiction (Harlow), pp. 641–2.
Quoted in Margaret Dalziel (1957) Popular Fiction 100 Years Ago (London), p. 67.
Cordiality between female writers and editors is examined by Bernard Lightman (2007) Victorian Popularizers of Science: Designing Nature for New Audiences (Chicago), pp. 116–24, and exemplified in L. B. Walford (1910) Recollections of a Scottish Novelist (London), p. 150. For Marshall, see Margaret Nancy Cutt (1979) Ministering Angels: A Study of Nineteenth-Century Evangelical Writing for Children (Wormley), p. 174.
‘Christmas Book Notices’: Monthly Packet (1 December 1892), 701; D. M. Entwhistle (1990) ‘Children’s Reward Books in Nonconformist Sunday Schools, 1870–1914, Occurrence, Nature and Purpose’ (Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Lancaster), appendix 6.
See Sally Mitchell (1981) The Fallen Angel: Chastity, Class and Women’s Reading, 1835–1880 (Bowling Green, OH), pp. 142–7.
George Eliot (1856) ‘Silly Novels by Lady Novelists’: Westminster Review 66, 243–54.
HW (1885), 82; Agnes Giberne (n.d.) Tim Teddington’s Dream or Liberty Equality and Fraternity (London).
See David Cannadine (2000) Class in Britain (London), pp. 108–13; see also Richard Price (1999) British Society, 1680–1880 (Cambridge), pp. 289, 300.
Anna Clark (1995) The Struggle for the Breeches: Gender and the Making of the British Working Class (Berkeley and Los Angeles), p. 269.
Andrea Ebel Brozyna (1999) Labour, Love and Prayer: Female Piety in Ulster Religious Literature, 1850–1914 (Montreal), pp. 24–5.
Isaac J. Reeve (1865) The Wild Garland or Curiosities of Poetry (London), p. 191.
E. J. Hardy (1889) The Five Talents of Women: A Book for Girls and Women (London), p. 19.
Margaret Beetham (1996) A Magazine of Her Own? Domesticity and Desire in the Woman’s Magazine 1800–1914 (London and New York), p. 135; HW (May 1871); Penrith Rural Deanery Magazine (January 1907) (author’s copy).
J. A. James (1852) Female Piety or the Young Woman’s Friend and Guide through Life to Immortality (London), pp. 72–115; Charlotte Elizabeth Tonna (1843) The Wrongs of Women (London), chapter 1.
F. K. Prochaska (1980) Women and Philanthropy in Nineteenth-Century England (Oxford), pp. 1–17.
SPCK (1882) Annual Report (London), p. 16.
Justin Corfield (1993) The Corfields: A History of the Corfields from 1180 to the Present Day (Rosanna, VIC); R. C. Alston (1990) A Checklist of Women Writers 1801–1900 (London), pp. 94–5.
See Gillian Avery (1975) Childhood’s Pattern: A Study of the Heroes and Heroines of Children’s Fiction 1770–1950 (London), pp. 117–18.
W. K. Lowther-Clarke (1959) A History of the S.P.C.K. (London), p. 185.
SPCK (1878) Annual Report (London), p. 22.
Quoted in Lowther-Clarke, S.P.C.K., p. 187; Peter Keating (1989) The Haunted Study, A Social History of the English Novel 1875–1914 (London), pp. 48–51.
Lowther-Clarke, S.P.C.K., p. 186. For author remuneration see Simon Eliot (2001) ‘The Business of Victorian Publishing’. In Deirdre David (ed.) The Cambridge Companion to the Victorian Novel (Cambridge), pp. 37–60, 55–7; The Times (9 October 1890, 26 May 1891).
Written in 1855; quoted in Milton R. Stern (1991) Contexts for Hawthorne: The Marble Faun and the Politics of Openness and Closure in American Literature (Chicago), p. 39.
George Eliot, ‘Silly Novels by Lady Novelists’: Westminster Review 66 (1856), 244.
Laurie Langbauer (1999) Novels of Everyday Life: The Series in English Fiction, 1850–1930 (Ithaca and London), pp. 47–8.
See Jennifer Phegley (2004) Educating the Proper Woman Reader: Victorian Family Literary Magazines and the Cultural Health of the Nation (Columbus), Introduction.
Edward Salmon, ‘What Girls Read’: The Nineteenth Century (1886), 515–29, 522.
SPCK (1878) Annual Report (London), p. 27.
David Trotter (1993) The English Novel in History 1895–1920 (London), p. 170; The Times (17 Feb. 1894), 5; Joseph Conrad (1907) The Secret Agent (London).
G. M. Robins (Mrs Baillie Reynolds) (1895) To Set Her Free (London); CACC, DX1954: Diaries of Helen James of Clarghyll Hall, Alston (1858–1911).
Sandra Kemp et al. (1997) The Oxford Companion to Edwardian Fiction (Oxford): p. 81 (crime fiction), p. 207 (invasion and scare stories), p. 317 (political fiction).
Richard D. Altick (1989) Writers, Readers and Occasions: Selected Essays on Victorian Literature and Life (Columbus), p. 98.
George Eliot, ‘Silly Novels by Lady Novelists’: Westminster Review 66 (1856), 243–54.
Helen Bittel (2006) ‘Required Reading for “Revolting Daughters”? The New Girl Fiction of L.T. Meade’. Nineteenth-Century Gender Studies 2(2): 1–36.
L. T. Meade (1908) Betty of the Rectory (London); TCM (1906), 260; TCM (1907).
For Paul Hardy see http://myweb.tiscali.co.uk/speel/paint/hardy.htm, accessed 8 Sept. 2014; George Manville Fenn (1904) To Win or to Die (London); Thomas Babbington Macaulay (1907) The Lays of Ancient Rome (London).
Quoted in Kate Flint (1993) The Woman Reader, 1837–1914 (Oxford), p. 165. Bosanquet was writing in 1901.
Mary Elizabeth Braddon (1862) Lady Audley’s Secret (London).
John Kucich (2001) ‘Intellectual Debate in the Victorian Novel: Religion, Science and the Professional’. In Deirdre David (ed.) The Cambridge Companion to the Victorian Novel (Cambridge), pp. 212–33, 217–18; Trotter, The English Novel, p. 117. For drug addiction see Timothy Alton Hickman (2007) The Secret Leprosy of Modern Days: Narcotic Addiction and Modern Crisis in the United States, 1870–1920 (Massachusetts), pp. 33–6.
Callum Brown (2001) The Death of Christian Britain (Abingdon and New York), pp. 71–2.
For a discussion of the omission of male weakness in heroism rhetoric, see Walter E. Houghton (1957) The Victorian Frame of Mind 1830–1870 (New Haven and London), p. 417.
Michael Wheeler (2013) English Fiction of the Victorian Period (Abingdon), p. 4.
SPCK (1895) Annual Report (London), p. 43.
Patrick Braybrooke (1928) Some Goddesses of the Pen (New York).
See Barbara Onslow (2000) Women of the Press in Nineteenth Century Britain (Basingstoke), p. 109.
Frank Tyrer (2003) A Short History of St Mary’s, Little Crosby (Little Crosby).
M. E. Francis (1893) In a North Country Village (London).
Joan Rees (2006) Matilda Betham-Edwards, Novelist, Travel-Writer and Francophile (Hastings), pp. 30–7, 83–4; HW (1898), 23.
Austin Clare (1908) The Conscience of Dr. Holt (London).
‘In Duty Bound’: Quiver (1870); Ann B. Shteir (1997) ‘Gender and “Modern” Botany in Victorian England’. Osiris 2(12): 29–38; Lightman, Victorian Popularizers of Science, p. 109.
Agnes Giberne (1889) Among the Stars or Wonderful Things in the Sky (London); see also Lightman, Victorian Popularizers of Science, pp. 426–8.
Nicola D. Thompson (1999) ‘Responding to the Woman Questions: Re-reading non-canonical Victorian Woman Novelists’. In N. D. Thompson (ed.) Victorian Woman Writers and the Woman’s Question (Cambridge), pp. 1–23, 3–4.
See Barbara Kanner (1977) ‘The Women of England in a Century of Social Change 1815–1914: A Select Bibliography’. In Martha Vicinus (ed.) A Widening Sphere: Changing Roles of Victorian Women (London), pp. 199–270, 264.
May Wynne, ‘Amber Brooke’: TCM (1910); Lucy Delap (2005) ‘“Thus does man prove his fitness to be master of things”: Shipwrecks, Chivalry and Masculinities in Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century Britain’. Cultural and Social History 2: 1–30.
Louis James (2006) The Victorian Novel (Oxford), p. 57.
L. D. O. Walters (1920) (ed.) The Year’s at the Spring: An Anthology of Recent Poetry (New York).
Wells, Gardner, Darton (1913) Sunday Reading for the Young, 412. W. T. Stead’s Books for the Bairns series contains two books by Scott-Hopper: (1904) In the Christmas Firelight (London); (1906) The Story of Hiawatha (London).
The address book is part of the Fishman collection of Scott-Hopper papers. Ella King-Hall is discussed in Barry Phelps (1992) P.G. Wodehouse: Man and Myth (London), p. 77. For literary agents’ engagement with female writers see Mary Ann Gillies (2007) The Professional Literary Agent in Britain, 1880–1920 (Toronto, Buffalo, London), chapter 4.
Writers’ Year Books of 1902 and 1916 concur with this figure: see Sally Mitchell (1992) ‘Careers for Girls: Writing Trash’. Victorian Periodicals Review 25(3): 109–13, 110.
Queenie Scott-Hopper (1920) Rock Bottom (London).
The growth of the Anglican women’s movement is discussed in Brian Heeney (1983) ‘Women’s Struggle for Professional Work and Status in the Church of England, 1900–1930’. Historical Journal 26(2): 329–47.
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© 2015 Jane Platt
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Platt, J. (2015). ‘Scribbling Women’: Female Authorship of Inset Fiction. In: Subscribing to Faith? The Anglican Parish Magazine 1859–1929. Histories of the Sacred and Secular 1700–2000. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137362445_7
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