Skip to main content

Openness That Matters: Net Generation, Higher Education, and Student Entrepreneurship

  • Chapter
Unpacking Open Innovation

Abstract

There is considerable research on “who” is creative, how they think, and the organizational cultures that foster both the generation and the application of creative ideas. Creative leaps, whether small or large, may be thought of as the connection of two or more disparate ideas or concepts within the mind of an individual.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Ahuja, G. Collaboration networks, structural holes and innovation: A longitudinal study. Administrative Science Quarterly, 45: 425–455 (2000).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alexander, B. Web 2.0: A new wave of innovation for teaching and learning ? Educause Review, 2006 (March/April): 33–44 (2006).

    Google Scholar 

  • Aldrich, H. E, & Zimmer C. Entrepreneurship through social networks. In Sexton, D. L., & Smilor, R. W. (Eds.) The Art and Science of Entrepreneurship. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger: 3–23 (1986).

    Google Scholar 

  • Allen, T. J. Managing the Flow of Technology. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press (1977).

    Google Scholar 

  • Allen, T. J., Tushman, M. L., & Lee, M. S. Technology transfer as as function of position in the spectrum from research through development to technical services. Academy of Management Journal, 22 (4): 684–708 (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  • Amabile, T. A. Creativity in Context ( 2nd edn ). Boulder, CO: Westview Press (1996).

    Google Scholar 

  • Augar, N., Raitman, R., & Zhou, W. Teaching and learning online with wikis. In Atkinson, R., McBeath, C., Jonas-Dwyer, D., & Phillips, R. (Eds.) Beyond the Comfort Zone: Proceedings of the 21st ASCILITE Conference (pp. 95–104). Perth, Australia. Available from: http://www.ascilite.org.au/conferences/perth04/procs/pdf/augar.pdf (2004).

    Google Scholar 

  • Barnes, K., Marateo, R. C., & Ferris, S. P. Teaching and learning with the net generation. Innovate, 3 (4): (2007).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bennett, S., Maton, K., & Kervin, L. The ‘digital natives’ debate: A critical review of the evidence. British Journal of Educational Technology, 39(5), 775–786 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boud, D., Keogh, R., & Walker, D. (Eds.) Reflection: Turning Experience into Learning. London: Kogan Page Ltd. (1985).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bower, M., Woo, K., Roberts, M., & Watters, P. Wiki Pedagogy—A Tale of Two Wikis. Paper presented at the International Conference on Information Technology Based Higher Education and Training (ITHET) (2006).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, J. S., Collins, A., & Duguid, P. Situated cognition and the culture of learning. Educational Researcher, 18 (1): 32–42 (1989).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bruns, A. Produsage: Towards a broader framework for user-led content creation. In Shneiderman, B. (Ed.) Proceedings of the 6th ACM SIGCHI Conference on Creativity Cognition CC ’07 (pp. 99–105 ). New York: ACM Press (2007).

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Bruns, A., & Humphreys, S. Wikis in teaching and assessment: The M/Cyclopedia project. In Riehle, D. (Ed.) Proceedings of the 2005 International Symposium on Wikis. New York: ACM Press: 25–31 (2005).

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Bruns, A., & Humphreys, S. Building collaborative capacities in learners: The M/cyclopedia project revisited. Paper presented at the Wiki Symposium 2007 (2007).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bryant, T. Social software in academia. Educause Quarterly (2), 61–64 (2006).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bryant, L. Emerging trends in social software for education. In Emerging Technologies for Learning: Volume 2. Coventry, UK: Becta: 9–18. Available from http://emergingtechnologies.becta.org.uk/index.php?section= etr & catcode= ETRE_0001 & rid= 14167 (2007).

  • Burt, R. S. Structural Holes: The Social Structure of Competition. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press (1992).

    Google Scholar 

  • Burt, R. S., & Raider, H. J. Creating Careers: Women’s paths to entrepreneurship. Unpublished manuscript, University of Chicago, Chicago (2002).

    Google Scholar 

  • Carayannis, E. G. Conceptual framework for an analysis of diversity and heterogeneity in the knowledge economy and society. In Carayannis, E. G., Kaloudis, A., & Mariussen, Å (Eds.) Diversity in the Knowledge Economy and Society: Heterogeneity, Innovation and Entrepreneurship. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing: Ch. 5, pp. 95–116. (2008).

    Google Scholar 

  • Chan, A., Lee, M. J. W., & McLoughlin, C. (2006). Everyone’s learning with podcasting: A Charles Sturt University experience. In Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Ascilite Conference: Who’s Learning? Whose Technology? The University of Sydney. Available from http://www.ascilite.org.au/conferences/ sydney06/proceeding/pdf_papers/p171.pdf

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, W. M., & Levinthal, D. A. Absorptive capacity: A new perspective on learning and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35: 128–152 (1990).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Conole, G., de Laat, M., Dillon, T., & Darby, J. (2006). JISC LXP: Student Experiences of Technologies: Final Report: Joint Information Systems Committee. Available from http://www.jisc.ac.uk/

    Google Scholar 

  • Crisp, G. Raising the Profile of Diagnostic, Formative and Summative e-assessments: Providing e-assessment Design Principles and Disciplinary Examples for Higher Education Academic Staff. ALTC Fellowship Report. http://www.altc.edu.au/carrick/go/home/pid/342 (accessed on February 1, 2009) (2008).

    Google Scholar 

  • Dalgarno, B. Interpretations of constructivism and consequences for computer assisted learning. British Journal of Educational Technology, 32 (2): 183–194 (2001).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davidsson, P., & Honig, B. The role of social and human capital among nascent entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing, 18 (3): 301–331 (2003).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duffy, P., & Bruns, A. The use of blogs, wikis and RSS in education: A conversation of possibilities. In Proceedings of the Online Learning and Teaching Conference 2006. Brisbane, Australia: 31–38. (2006).

    Google Scholar 

  • Elliott, B. E-assessment: What is Web 2.0? Glasgow: Scottish Qualifications Authority. http://www.sqa.org.uk/sqa/22941.html (accessed on February 1, 2009) (2007).

    Google Scholar 

  • Evald, M. R., Klyver, K., & Svendsen, S. G. The changing importance of the strength of ties through the entrepreneurial process. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 14 (1): 1–26 (2006).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Evans, V., & Larri, L. J. Networks, Connections and Community: Learning with Social Software. Canberra: Australian Flexible Learning Framework (2006).

    Google Scholar 

  • Farmer, B., Yue, A., & Brooks, C. Using blogging for higher order learning in large cohort university teaching: A case study. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 24 (2): 123–136 (2008).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fauconnier, G., & Turner, M. Conceptual integration networks. Cognitive Science, 22 (2): 133–187 (1998).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ferrari, J. Go digital or lose out, teachers told. The Australian, p. 9, November (2007).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fiol, M. C. Thought worlds colliding: The role of contradiction in corporate innovation processes. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 19 (3): 71–91 (1995).

    Google Scholar 

  • Forte, A., & Bruckman, A. From Wikipedia to the classroom: Exploring online publication and learning. In Barab, S., Hay, K., & Hickey, D. (Eds.) Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Learning Sciences. Bloomington: Indiana: Indiana University: 182–188 (2006).

    Google Scholar 

  • Frand, J. L. The Information-Age mindset: Changes in students and implications for higher education. Educause Review: 15–24 (2000).

    Google Scholar 

  • Frydenberg, M. Principles and pedagogy: The two P’s of podcasting in the information technology classroom. In The Proceedings of ISECON 2006 (Vol. 23). Dallas (2006).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gosper, M., Green, D., McNeill, M., Phillips, R., Preston, G., & Woo, K. The Impact of Web-Based Lecture Technologies on Current and Future Practices in Learning and Teaching: Australian Learning and Teaching Council. Available from http://www.altc.edu.au/carrick/go/home/pid/347 (2008).

    Google Scholar 

  • Granovetter, M. Getting a Job ( 2nd edition ). University of Chicago Press: Chicago, IL (1974).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gros, B. The impact of digital games in education. First Monday, 8 (7): (2003).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hargadon, A., & Sutton, R. I. Technology brokering and innovation in a product development firm. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42: 716–749 (1997).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Head, B. The D Generation: Leading the emerging generation of digital natives calls for a light touch. AFR Boss. August, 26–30 (2007).

    Google Scholar 

  • Horizon Report. Stanford, CA: New Media Consortium/EDUCAUSE Learning Initiative. http://www.nmc.org/pdf/2008-Horizon-Report.pdf (accessed on February 1, 2009) (2008).

  • Hughes, J. Open accreditation—a model. Pontydysgu—bridge to Learning Blog. http://www.pontydysgu.org/2008/10/open-accreditation-amodel/ (accessed on February 1, 2009) (2008).

  • Instone, L. Conversations beyond the classroom: Blogging in a professional development course. In ASCILITE 2005: Balance, Fidelity, Mobility: Maintaining the Momentum?: 305–308. Available from http://www.ascilite.org. au/conferences/brisbane05/blogs/proceedings/34_Instone.pdf (2005).

    Google Scholar 

  • IPSOS MORI. Student Expectations Study: Key findings from Online Research and Discussion Evenings held in June 2007 for the Joint Information Systems Committee: JISC. Available from http://www.jisc.ac.uk/(2007).

  • Kaish, S., & Gilad, B. Characteristics of opportunities search of entrepreneurs versus executives. Journal of Business Venturing, 6 (1): 45–61 (1991).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kamel Boulos, M. N., & Wheeler, S. The emerging Web 2.0 social software: An enabling suite of sociable technologies in health and health care education 1. Health Information and Libraries Journal, 24 (1): 2–23 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kennedy, G., Dalgarno, B., Bennett, S., Judd, T., Gray, K., & Chang, R.. Immigrants and Natives: Investigating differences between staff and students’ use of technology. In Hello! Where are you in the Landscape of Educational Technology? Proceedings Ascilite Melbourne 2008. Available from http://www.ascilite.org.au/conferences/melbourne08/procs/ kennedy.pdf (2008).

    Google Scholar 

  • Krause, K., Hartley, R., James, R., & McInnes, C. The First Year Experience in Australian Universities: Findings from a Decade of National Studies. Canberra, Australia: Department of Education, Science and Training (2005).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kurtz, B. L., Fenwick, J. B. J., & Ellsworth, C. C.. Using podcasts and tablet PCs in computer science. Paper Presented at the ACM South East Regional Conference (ACMSE 2007), Winston Salem, NC, March 23–24 (2007).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lane, C. UW Podcasting: Evaluation of Year One. Washington: Catalyst Office of Learning Technologies (2006).

    Google Scholar 

  • Larsson, A., & Starr, J. A. A Network model of organization formation. Entrepreneurship Theory Practice, 17 (2): 5–15 (1993).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lave, J., & Wenger, E.. Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press (1991).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, M. J. W., & Chan, A. Exploring the potential of podcasting to deliver mobile ubiquitous learning in higher education. Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 118 (1): 94–115 (2006).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leech, R. Teaching the digital natives. Teacher: The National Education Magazine, 2006, March 6–9 (2006).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lenhart, A., & Madden, M. Teens, Privacy Online Social Networks: How Teens Manage their Online Identities and Personal Information in the Age of My Space. Washington: Pew Internet & American Life Project (2007).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lenhart, A., Madden, M., MacGill, A. R., Smith,A. Teens and Social Media: The Use of Social Media Gains a Greater Foothold in Teen Life as they Embrace the Conversational Nature of Interactive Online Media. Washington: Pew Internet & American Life Project (2007).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lohnes, S., & Kinzer, C.. Questioning assumptions about students’ expectations for technology in college classrooms. Innovate, 3(5), http://www.innovateonline.info/index.php?view= article & id= 431.14 (2007).

  • Lorenzo, G., Oblinger, D. G., & Dziuban, C. How Choice, Co-Creation, and Culture Are Changing What It Means to Be Net Savvy (No. ELI Paper 4): Educause (2006).

    Google Scholar 

  • Malan, D. J. Podcasting Computer Science E-1. Paper presented at the SIGCSE. March 7–10, Covington, Kentucky, USA (2007).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Marsden, P. V. Restricted access in networks and models of power. American Journal of Sociology, 88 (4): 686–717 (1983).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McGrath, R. G., Tsai, M.-H., Venkataraman, S., & MacMillan, I. C. Innovation, competitive advantage and rent: A model and test. Management Science, 42 (3): 389–403 (1996).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McKenzie, W. Where are audio recordings of lectures in the new educational technology landscape? In Hello! Where are you in the Landscape of Educational Technology? Proceedings Ascilite Melbourne (2008).

    Google Scholar 

  • McLoughlin, C., & Lee, M. J. W. Mapping the digital terrain: New media and social software as catalysts for pedagogical change. In Hello! Where are you in the Landscape of Educational Technology? Proceedings Ascilite Melbourne 2008: 641–652. Available from http://www.ascilite.org.au/conferences/ melbourne08/procs/mcloughlin.html (2008).

    Google Scholar 

  • Milliken, F. J., & Martins, L. L. Searching for common threads: Understanding the multiple effects of diversity in organizational groups. Academy of Management Review, 21 (2): 402–433 (1996).

    Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, R. R., & Winter, S. G. An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press (1982).

    Google Scholar 

  • Oblinger, D. G. Boomers gen-xers millennials: Understanding the new students. Educause, 38 (July/August) (2003).

    Google Scholar 

  • Oblinger, D. G., & Oblinger, J. L. Is it age or IT: First steps toward understanding the Net Generation. In Oblinger, D. G., & Oblinger, J. L. (Eds.) Educating the Net Generation (pp. 2.1–2.20) EDUCAUSE. Available from www.educause.edu/educatingthenetgen/ (2005a)

  • Oblinger, D. G., & Oblinger, J. L. (Eds.) Educating the Net Generation: EDUCAUSE. Available from www.educause.edu/educatingthenetgen/ (2005b)

  • Obstfeld, D. Social networks, the tertius iungens orientation, and involvement in innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 50: 100–130 (2005).

    Google Scholar 

  • Oliver, B., & Goerke, V. Australian undergraduates’ use and ownership of emerging technologies: Implications and opportunities for creating engaging learning experiences for the Net Generation. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 23 (2): 171–186. (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pelled, L. H., Eisenhardt, K. M., & Xin, K. R. Exploring the black box: An analysis of work group diversity, conflict, and performance. Administrative Science Quarterly, 44 (1): 1–28 (1999).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pesce, M. Brace for a steep re-learning curve. The Age, December 2 (2007).

    Google Scholar 

  • Pelz, D. C. Some social factors related to performance in a research organization. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1 (3): 310–326 (1956).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Philip, D. The knowledge building paradigm: A model of learning for Net Generation students. Innovate, 3 (5): (2007).

    Google Scholar 

  • Phillips, R., Gosper, M., McNeill, M., Woo, K., Preston, G., & Green, D. Staff and student perspectives on web based lecture technologies: Insights into the great divide. In ICT: Providing Choices for Learners and Learning. Proceedings Ascilite Singapore 2007: 854–864. Available from http://www.ascilite.org.au/conferences/singapore07/procs/phillips.pdf (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  • Prensky, M. Digital natives, digital immigrants. On the Horizon, 9 (5) (2001a).

    Google Scholar 

  • Prensky, M. Digital natives, digital immigrants, Part II: Do they really think differently? On the Horizon, 9 (6): (2001b).

    Google Scholar 

  • Reagans, R., & McEvily, B. Network structure and knowledge transfer: The effects of cohesion and range. Administrative Science Quarterly, 48 (2): 240–267 (2003).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Renzulli, L., Aldrich, H., & Moody, J. Family matters: gender, networks, and entrepreneurial outcomes. Social Forces, 79: 523 (2000).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rodan, S., & Galunic, C. More than network structure: How knowledge heterogeneity influences managerial performance and innovativeness. Strategic Management Journal, 25: 541–562 (2004).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Richardson, W. Blogs, Wikis, Podcasts, and Other Powerful Web Tools for Classrooms. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press (2006).

    Google Scholar 

  • Salaway, G., Caruso, J. B., & Nelson, M. R. The ECAR Study of Undergraduate Students and Information Technology, 2007. Boulder, CO: Educause Center for Applied Research. Available from http://www.educause.edu/ecar (2007).

    Google Scholar 

  • Salaway, G., Caruso, J. B., & Nelson, M. R. The ECAR Study of Undergraduate Students and Information Technology 2008. Boulder, CO: Educause Center for Applied Research. Available from http://www.educause.edu/ecar (2008).

    Google Scholar 

  • Sandars, J., & Schroter, S. Web 2.0 technologies for undergraduate and postgraduate medical education: An online survey. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 83: 759–762 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shane, S. Prior knowledge and the discovery of entrepreneurial opportunities. Organization Science, 11 (4): 448–469 (2000).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stiler, G. M., & Philleo, T. Blogging and blogspots: An alternative format for encouraging reflective practice among preservice teachers. Education, 123(4):. 789–797 (2003).

    Google Scholar 

  • Stuart, T. E., & Sorenson, O. Strategic networks and entrepreneurial ventures. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 1 (3–4): 211–227 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Turner, M., & Fauconnier, G. A mechanism of creativity. Poetics Today, 20 (4): 397–418 (1997).

    Google Scholar 

  • Vygotsky, L. S. Thought and Language (E. Hanfmann & G. Vakar, Trans.). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press (1962).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Vygotsky, L. S. Mind in Society. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press (1978).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wagner, C. Put another (B)log on the wire: Publishing learning logs as weblogs. Journal of Information Systems Education, 14 (2): 131–132 (2003).

    Google Scholar 

  • West, R. E., Wright, G., Gabbitas, B., & Graham, C. R. Reflections from the introduction of Blogs and RSS Feeds into a preservice instructional technology course. Tech Trends, 50 (4): 54–60 (2006).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Williams, J. B., & Jacobs, J. Exploring the use of blogs as learning spaces in the higher education sector. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 20 (2): 232–247 (2004).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zaleznick, A. (Ed.) Organizational Reality and Psychological Necessity in Creativity and Innovation. Ballinger: Cambridge, MA (1985).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Copyright information

© 2013 Elias G. Carayannis, Manlio Del Giudice, and Maria Rosaria Della Peruta

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Del Giudice, M. (2013). Openness That Matters: Net Generation, Higher Education, and Student Entrepreneurship. In: Unpacking Open Innovation. Palgrave Studies in Democracy, Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Growth. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137354372_5

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics