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Abstract

In the early 1990s, the Stanford scholar Francis Fukuyama declared that history was at an end, now that the Cold War had been won. Yet strife and bloodshed have continued unabated, if not increased. Gandhi might have pointed out to Fukuyama that peace was not a matter of ideology, and that Western economic models premised on human greed were wedded rather inextricably to violence.

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Notes

  1. V. D. Savarkar, Hindutva—Who Is a Hindu?, Veer Savarkar Prakashan, 1969.

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  2. Shrilal Shukla, Raag Darbari, Translated in English by Gillian Wright, Penguin Books, 1992, p. 275.

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  3. George Bernard Shaw, preface, Major Barbara, Brentano’s, 1907.

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  4. Harris Woford, Jr., Lohia and America Meet, Sindhu Publications, 1987.

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© 2013 Niranjan Ramakrishnan

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Ramakrishnan, N. (2013). The C(l)ash of Civilizations. In: Reading Gandhi in the Twenty-First Century. Palgrave Pivot, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137325150_8

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