Abstract
Soldiers passed from the landscape to the doors of strangers. In his recollections of military life, John Patterson of the 50th Regiment, who served as a subaltern officer during the Peninsular War, sets up a comical scene of what supposedly transpired when British officers arrived at their billet for the night. Tired and hungry from the day’ march, and impatient to rest in comfort, a British officer arrives at the private home in question, with an entourage in tow including military staff, a servant, a batman and several mules. The door of the unsuspecting Spanish landlord is then struck with the force of a ‘sledge-hammer’. The startled occupant opens the door to find the British officer demanding entrance, and expecting to have the best room in the house. Dialogue follows, in broken Spanish and English. The Spaniard is immediately .greeted by the officer with: ‘O, Senor, where is the bed? — I want the bed, I have a billet here; — it is good, Senor; make haste, make haste!’ The servant adds his bit, in a hybrid of Anglo-Spanish: ‘Make haste, Senor; — where is the room? — where is the bed? — good bed for English officer, — he is a good Christian; — we want bread, wine, butter, acqua- ardent [a spirit], for the soldiers; — we want milk, oil for the lamp, — do you understand? -1 speak good Spanish, — be quick, be quick!’ The overwhelmed Spaniard merely shrugs his shoulders, but finally yields to the ceaseless barrage of demands and awful Spanish, and takes the ‘invaders’ upstairs. The Englishmen need no encouragement, taking it upon themselves to burst through every door and look into every nook and cranny, hoping to find the best apartment. The officer finally rests in comfort, ‘taking every means to attend to number one’.1
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Notes
John Patterson, Camp and Quarters, Scenes and Impressions of Military Life (London, 1840), vol. 1, pp. 244–246.
John Blakiston, Twelve Years’ Military Adventure in Three Quarters of the Globe (New York, 1829), vol. 2, p. 82.
Rules and Articles for the Better Government of all His Majesty’ Forces (London, 1804), Section XXIV, Art. IV, pp. 81–82. For the historical evolution of the Articles of War and the Mutiny Act, see Charles M. Clode, The Administration of Justice under Military and Martial Law, 2nd ed. (London, 1874), pp. 1–38. For eighteenth-century British military law and courts martial, see Arthur N. Gilbert, ‘Law and Honour among Eighteenth-Century British Officers’, The Historical Journal 19, no. 1 (1976): 75–87; G. A. Steppler, ‘British Military Law, Discipline and the Conduct of Regimental Courts Martial in the Later Eighteenth Century’, The English Historical Review 102, no. 405 (1987): 857–886.
For military plunder in Early Modern Europe see the classic study of Fritz Redlich, DePraeda Militari: Looting and Booty 1500–1815 (Wiesbaden, 1956). For the rules of war, including the rights of non-combatants, in the Age of the Enlightenment, see Geoffrey Best, Humanity in Warfare (London, 1980). For English rules of war and military pillage and plunder in seventeenth and eighteenth-century conflicts, see Barbara Donagan, War in England 1642–1649 (Oxford, 2008), pp. 134–195; Stephen Conway, ‘“The Great Mischief Complain’d of”: Reflections on the Misconduct of British Soldiers in the Revolutionary War’, The William and Mary Quarterly 47, no. 3 (1990): 370–390.
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© 2013 Gavin Daly
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Daly, G. (2013). Billets and Hospitality. In: The British Soldier in the Peninsular War. War, Culture and Society, 1750–1850. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137323835_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137323835_5
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