Abstract
The links between the micro and macro levels have challenged theoretical efforts in many fields, and economics is no exception. It is well known that the thought on micro-macro interactions in economic theory has followed at least two alternative paths. One of them comprises rational expectations and the construction of macroeconomic models based on adding up a certain number of identical, representative agents that uniformly maximize utility and profits. The other path is related to the evolutionary school and the concept of bounded rationality, heterogeneous agents and behaviour structured by institutions, in which the macro level evolves along with the learning process and transformation of the micro units.1 Jorge Katz has made significant contributions to this second approach, which we believe is the most useful to discuss the process of accumulation of technological capabilities in economic development.2 His works on the evolution of firms and industries under different macro conditions and institutional frameworks in Latin America allowed him to identify different patterns of micro–macro interactions (see in particular Katz, 1982, 1997 and 2001; Katz and Ablin, 1985; Cimoli and Katz, 2003). Such patterns evolved from the period of import-substituting industrialization to the “lost decade” of the 1980s, the pro-market reforms of the 1990s and the bonanza in commodity exports that began in 2004.
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Cimoli, M., Porcile, G. (2013). Micro-Macro Interactions in Technological Learning and Growth. In: Dutrénit, G., Lee, K., Nelson, R., Vera-Cruz, A.O., Soete, L. (eds) Learning, Capability Building and Innovation for Development. EADI Global Development. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137306937_9
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