Abstract
Drawing on the work of Angela McRobbie, Rosalind Gill and Christina Scharff identify a form of double address within postfeminist culture, suggesting that ‘what is distinctive about postfeminist culture is the way in which a selectively defined feminism is both “taken into account” and repudiated’, and that this constitutes a ‘double entanglement [which] facilitates both a doing and an undoing of feminism’.1 As ‘postfeminism’ is a complex and fraught term, weighted with contradictory and confusing meanings and definitions, for the purposes of this chapter, I employ the construction (post)feminism as an indicator of such cultures of ‘bothness’ which situate themselves as a part of and apart from feminism. The (post)feminist cultural text takes a selective approach not only to feminism as a political position and cultural history but also to related cultural narratives, such as understandings of sexuality, and politically fraught generic forms such as the romantic comedy or rom-com. Such texts demonstrate a selective approach to feminist sensibilities, selecting certain aspects of normative models of gender and sexuality to interrogate, while validating others. In this chapter, I discuss one recent example of such texts, Easy A (2010), which provides a useful example of the ways in which cultural texts operate along these (post)feminist lines, offering neither a clearly defined progressive response nor a straightforwardly conservative reaction to ideas around sexuality and empowerment.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Notes
Rosalind Gill and Christina Scharff, ‘Introduction’ in New Femininities: Postfeminism, Neoliberalism and Subjectivity, ed. by Rosalind Gill and Christina Scharff (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2011), pp. 1–20
For more on the limits of postfeminism in terms of race, sexuality and class, see Sarah Projansky, Watching Rape: Film and Television in Postfeminist Culture (New York and London: New York University Press, 2001).
The rom-com genre has frequently been theorized as a form which privileges normative models of sexuality. For example, Peter William Evans and Celestino Deleyto argue that ‘the genre tends to privilege the eternal, unchanging nature of romantic love and to gloss over those aspects from the surrounding culture which threaten it’. Peter William Evans and Celestino Deleyto, ‘Introduction: Surviving Love’ in Terms of Endearment: Hollywood Romantic Comedy of the 1980s and 1990s, ed. by Peter William Evans and Celestino Deleyto (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1998), pp. 1–14
Kathleen Rowe Karlyn, ‘Film As Cultural Antidote’, Feminist Media Studies, 6:4 (2006), pp. 453–468
Kathleen Coyne Kelly, Performing Virginity and Testing Chastity in the Middle Ages (London and New York: Routledge, 2000)
Theodora A. Jankowski, Pure Resistance: Queer Virginity in Early Modern English Drama (Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000)
Marie H. Loughlin, Hymeneutics: Interpreting Virginity on the Early Modern Stage (Lewisburg, PA: Bucknell University Press, 1997).
Hanne Blank, Virgin: The Untouched History (New York: Bloomsbury, 2007)
Anke Bernau, Virgins: A Cultural History (London: Granta, 2007)
Bonnie MacLaughlan and Judith Fletcher (eds), Virginity Revisited: Configurations of the Unpossessed Body (Toronto, ON: University of Toronto Press, 2007)
Tamar Jeffers McDonald (eds), Virgin Territory: Representing Sexual Inexperience in Film (Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press, 2010).
Jessica Valenti, The Purity Myth: How America’s Obsession with Virginity Is Hurting Young Women (Berkeley, CA: Seal Press, 2009).
Hanne Blank, ‘The Process-Oriented Virgin’ in Yes Means Yes: Visions of Female Sexual Power and a World without Rape, ed. by Jaclyn Friedman and Jessica Valenti (Berkeley, CA: Seal Press, 2008), pp. 287–298
Shelley Cobb, ‘Was She or Wasn’t She? Virginity and Identity in the Critical Reception of Elizabeth (1998)’ in Virgin Territory: Representing Sexual Inexperience in Film, ed. by Tamar Jeffers McDonald (Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press, 2010), pp. 201–222.
Tamar Jeffers McDonald, ‘Introduction’ in Virgin Territory: Representing Sexual Inexperience in Film, ed. by Tamar Jeffers McDonald (Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press, 2010), pp. 1–14
Laura Harvey and Rosalind Gill, ‘Spicing It Up: Sexual Entrepreneurs and The Sex Inspectors’ in New Femininities: Postfeminism, Neoliberalism and Subjectivity, ed. by Rosalind Gill and Christina Scharff (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2011), pp. 52–67
See, for example, the pre-marital star personas of Britney Spears and Jessica Simpson, and more recently Miley Cyrus, as well as the existence of online features such as complex.com’s slideshow of ‘hot’ female celebrity virgins. Tara Aquino, ‘Pure Fire: The 10 Hottest Celebrity Virgins’, ComplexGirls (9 September 2010) http://www.complex.com/girls/2010/09/pure-fire-the-10-hottest-celebrity-virgins/gallery# (accessed 5 February 2012); For an assessment of Spears’ hot virgin persona, see Anna Watkins Fisher, ‘We Love This Trainwreck!: Sacrificing Britney to Save America’ in In the Limelight and Under the Microscope: Forms and Functions of Female Celebrity, ed. by Su Holmes and Diane Negra (New York and London: Continuum, 2011), pp. 303–332.
For useful discussions of the connection between the third-wave and postfeminism, see the ‘Introduction’ in New Femininities: Postfeminism, Neoliberalism and Subjectivity, ed. by Rosalind Gill and Christina Scharff (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2011), pp. 1–20
Stéphanie Genz and Benjamin A. Brabon, Postfeminism: Cultural Texts and Theories (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2009), pp. 156–165.
Katherine Farrimond, ‘Bad Girls in Crisis: The New Teenage Femme Fatale’ in Women on Screen: Feminism and Femininity in Visual Culture, ed. by Melanie Waters (Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave, 2010), pp. 77–89.
See, for example, Jessica Ringrose’s discussion of teenage girls’ Bebo pages, in which she suggests that such online spaces allow ‘increasingly normalized hypersexualized and pornified discourses and visual imagery [to] circulate rapidly’, and condemns the growing pressure for teenage girls to perform explicit sexuality in these online spaces. Jessica Ringrose, ‘Are You Sexy, Flirty, Or A Slut?: Exploring “Sexualization” and How Teen Girls Perform/Negotiate Digital Sexual Identity on Social Networking Sites’ in New Femininities: Postfeminism, Neoliberalism and Subjectivity, ed. by Rosalind Gill and Christina Scharff (Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2011), pp. 99–116
Andrea L. Press, ‘Feminism and Media in the Post-feminist Era’, Feminist Media Studies, 11:1 (2011), pp. 107–113.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2013 Katherine Farrimond
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Farrimond, K. (2013). The Slut That Wasn’t: Virginity, (Post)Feminism and Representation in Easy A. In: Gwynne, J., Muller, N. (eds) Postfeminism and Contemporary Hollywood Cinema. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137306845_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137306845_4
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-45523-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-137-30684-5
eBook Packages: Palgrave Media & Culture CollectionLiterature, Cultural and Media Studies (R0)