Abstract
In mid-November of 1909, Brenda Seligman and her husband, Charles Gabriel Seligman, future professor of ethnology at the London School of Economics, stopped in Cairo, Egypt, en route to Khartoum, the capital of the Sudan.1 Preparing for the first of two stints of anthropological research they would undertake for the Sudan government between 1909 and 1912, they met with officials employed by the British regime in Egypt to which the Sudan was formally subordinate. They also mixed pleasure with business, as they did when they revisited Cairo, then a tourist mecca offering the attractions of both high-minded recreation and extravagant consumption. They saw the pyramids; cruised the Nile; heard an opera performed by a Sicilian troupe; shopped for Persian carpets, silver tableware and fine china; visited the field sites of the prominent Egyptologist (later Sir) William Flinders Petrie; and complained about British and American ‘tourists of the most virulent type’ – intent on frivolous pursuits, with no interest in ancient Egypt.2
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Notes
Harold MacMichael (1955) The Sudan (New York: Praeger), pp. 91–7.
E.E. Evans-Pritchard in 1973, quoted in D. Johnson (1988) ‘The Sudan Under the British’, Journal of African History [JAH], 29, 541.
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R.O. Collins and R.L. Tignor (1967) Egypt and the Sudan (Englewood-Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall), pp. 59–63, 84–8.
The many – popular and scholarly – accounts of these events include B. Farwell (1989) Prisoners of the Mahdi (New York: W. W. Norton).
M. Asher (2006) Khartoum. The Ultimate Imperial Adventure (London: Penguin Books).
British officials were consulted about such major decisions as large-scale military expeditions and international treaties, but the Sudan government otherwise acted in consultation with the Consul-General in Egypt, reporting to London after the fact. The Sudan’s Governors-General were officially appointed by the Khedive, but were in practice appointed by Britain. The Consul-General and British advisors in Egyptian ministries managed Egypt’s role in the Sudan affairs. But officials in the Sudan (notably Wingate) acted to create effective autonomy. The Sudan’s dual administration virtually ended after Egyptian independence in 1922 but officially ended in 1953. See, for example, M.W. Daly (1983) ‘The Development of the Governor-Generalship of the Sudan, 1988–1934’, JAH, 24, 77–96.
Gabriel Warburg (1970) ‘The Sudan, Egypt and Britain, 1899–1916’, Middle Eastern Studies, 6, 163–78.
The last quote is from John Lee Anderson (23 July 2012) ‘A History of Violence’, The New Yorker, 49. In 1930 a border was drawn between north and south, designed to protect the south from subversive influences, which northerners needed visas to cross. The regime’s attention to the south grew after the Second World War. H.J. Sharkey (2003) Living with Colonialism (Berkeley/Los Angeles: University of California Press), p. 81.
See G.S. Eissa (2005) Review essay on Ahmed Ibrahim AbouShouk and Anders Bjorkelo, ‘The Principles of Native Administration in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, 1898–1956’, Intellectual Discourse, 13, 95–9.
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© 2013 Henrika Kuklick
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Kuklick, H. (2013). Model City: Fact and Fiction in Early Twentieth-Century Khartoum. In: Farr, M., Guégan, X. (eds) The British Abroad Since the Eighteenth Century, Volume 2. Britain and the World. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137304186_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137304186_4
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