Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Migrant Remittance Supported Micro-Enterprises in South Asia

  • Chapter
The Political Economy of South Asian Diaspora

Part of the book series: International Political Economy Series ((IPES))

  • 141 Accesses

Abstract

This study focuses on migrant remittance supported micro-enterprises (MRSMEs) in Bangladesh with a view to understand such micro-enterprises in the context of enhanced usage of migrant remittance. Migrant remittance is receiving increased attention ( Rahman and Yeoh, 2008; de-Haas and Rodrguez, 2010; Rahman, 2012, 2010; Rahman and Fee, 2005) as it has now become the second largest source of external development finance (Cohen, 2005). Migrant remittance is also seen as an indispensable part of economic survival for many developing countries (IOM, 2005). Furthermore, it has been considered a major factor in poverty alleviation of recipient developing countries in terms of its usage in consumption and investment (Beverland and Lockshin, 2001; Glytsos, 2005). However, according to de-Haas and Rodrguez (2010), migration development processes are heavily dependent on policies adopted by labour sending states towards favourable general conditions for human development.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Ahmad, Q. K. and Zohora, F. (1997) Utilization of Remittances from Abroad for Local Employment Promotion — The Case of Sylhet (Dhaka: ILO, BUP).

    Google Scholar 

  • Altinay, L. and Altinay, E. (2008) ‘Factors Influencing Business Growth: The Rise of Turkish Entrepreneurship in the UK’, International Journal of Entrepreneurship & Research, 14(1), 24–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anna, L. (2009) ‘Remittances and Conflict: Some Conceptual Considerations’, Jahrbücher für Nationalökonomie und Statistik, 229(6), 774.

    Google Scholar 

  • Appleyard, R. (1996) ‘Emigration Dynamics in South Asia’, International Migration, 34(4), 627–37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Azad, A. K. (2004) ‘Migrant Workers’ Remittance: Can It Be a Source of Finance for Micro-Enterprises Development in Bangladesh?’ Asia Pacific Regional Micro Credit Summit Meeting of Councils (Dhaka, Bangladesh).

    Google Scholar 

  • Becker, G. S. (1975) Human Capital (Chicago: University of Chicago Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Beverland, M. and Lockshin, L. S. (2001) ‘Organizational Life Cycles in Small New Zealand Wineries’, Journal of Small Business ManagemenI, 39(4), 354.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boohene, R., Sheridan, A. and Kotey, B. (2008) ‘Gender, Personal Values, Strategise and Small Business Performance’, Equal Opportunities International, 27(3), 237–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bracking, S.(2003) ‘Sending Money Home: Are Remittances Always Beneficial to Those Who Stay Behind?’ Journal of International Development, 15(5), 633–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, R. P. C. and Jimenez, E. (2008) ‘Estimating the Net Effects of Migration and Remittances on Poverty and Inequality: Comparison of Fiji and Tonga’, Journal of International Development, 20(4), 547–71.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bruderl, J., Preisendorfer, P. and Ziegler, R. (1992) ‘Survival Chances of Newly Founded Business Organizations’, American Sociological Review, 57(2), 227–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Buchenau, J. (2008) Migration, Remittances and Poverty Alleviation in Bangladesh (Dhaka, Bangladesh: United Nations Development Program).

    Google Scholar 

  • Buelens, M., Woestyne, V. D., Mestdagh, S. and Bouckenooghe, D. (2008) Methodological Issues in Negotiation Research: A State-of-the-Art-Review’, Group Decision and Negotiation, 17(4), 321–45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bumpus, M. A. and Burton, G. (2008) ‘Chapters in the Life of an Entrepreneur: A Case Study’, Journal of Education for Business, 83(5), 302–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carling, J. (2004) ‘Policy Options for Increasing the Benefits of Remittances’, Remittances and Development (Geneva: Ninth Metropolis Conference).

    Google Scholar 

  • Callan, A. (2007) ‘“What Else Do We Bengalis Do?” Sorcery, Overseas Migration, and the New Inequalities in Sylhet, Bangladesh’, Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 13(2), 331–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carling, J. (2005) Migrant Remittances and Development Cooperation (Oslo: International Peace Research Institute).

    Google Scholar 

  • Chappell, L., Angelescu-Naqvi, R., Mavrotas, G. and Sriskandarajah, D. (2010) Development on the Move: Measuring and Optimising Migration’s Economic and Social Impacts (London: Institute for Public Policy Research).

    Google Scholar 

  • Chinmay, T. (2011) Remittances in India: Facts and Issues (Germany: University Library of Munich).

    Google Scholar 

  • Chowdhury, M. S. (2007) ‘Overcoming Entrepreneurship Development Constraints: The Case of Bangladesh’, Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Globe, 1(3), 240–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, J. H. (2005) ‘Remittance Outcomes and Migration: Theoretical Contests, Real Opportunities’, Studies in Comparative International Development, 40(1), 88–112.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cole, P. M. and Johnson, K. (2007) ‘An Exploration of Successful Copreneurial Relationships Postdivorce’, Family Business Review, 20(3), 185–98.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coy, S. T., Shipley, M. F., Omer, K. and Khan, R. N. A. (2007) ‘Factors Contributory to Success: A Study of Pakistan’s Small Business Owners’, Journal of Development Entrepreneurship, 12(2), 181–98.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • de-Haas, H. and Rodrguez, F. (2010) ‘Mobility and Human Development: Introduction’, Journal of Human Development and Capabilities, 11(2), 177–84.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dixit, A. K. (1996) The Making of Economic Policy: A Transaction-Cost Politics Perspective (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Dodge, H. R. and Robbins, J. E. (1992) ‘An Empirical Investigation of the Organizational Life Cycle Model for Small Business Development and Survival’, Journal of Small Business Management, 30(1), 27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fee, L. K. and Rahman, M. M. (2006) ‘International Labor Recruitment: Channeling Bangladeshi Migrants to East and Southeast Asia’, Asia-Pacific Population Journal, 21(1), 85–107.

    Google Scholar 

  • Glytsos, N. P. (2005) ‘The Contribution of Remittances to Growth, a Dynamic Approach and Empirical Analysis’, Journal of Economic Studies, 32(6), 468–96.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta, S., Pattillo C. A. and Wagh, S. (2007) Impact of Remittances on Poverty and Financial Development in Sub-Saharan Africa (IMF).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hill, J., Nancarrow, C. and Wright, Len Tiu (2002) ‘Lifecycles and Crisis Points in SMEs: A Case Approach’, Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 20(6), 361–369.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • IFAD (2007) Sending Money Home: Worldwide Remittance Flows to Developing and Transition Countries, (Rome, Italy), 1–18.

    Google Scholar 

  • IOM (2005) World Migration 2005 / Costs and Benefits of International Migration, Migration Policy, Research and Communication (MPRC) Department, Geneva, 1–489.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jensen, M. C. and Meckling, W. H. (1976) ‘Theory of Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs, and Ownership Structure’, Journal of Financial Economics, 3(4), 305–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Khan, S. and Schroder, B. (2009) Use of Written Rules in Procurement of Goods and Services for Foreign Aid Funded Projects’, Industrial Marketing Management, 38(4), 379–86.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kirby, D. A. (2004) ‘Entrepreneurship Education: Can Business Schools Meet the Challenge?’, Education & Training, 46(8/9), 510–19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lester, D. L. and Parnell, J. A. (2008) ‘Firm Size and Environmental Scanning Pursuits across Organizational Life Cycle Stages’, Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 15(3), 540.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lowell, B. L. and Gerova, S. G. (2004) Diasporas and Economic Development: State of Knowledge (Washington, D.C.: World Bank).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lueth, E. and Ruiz, M. (2007) Are Workers’ Remittances a Hedge against Macroeconomic Shocks? The Case of Sri Lanka (IMF).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lussier, R. and Halabi, C. (2010) ‘A Three-Country Comparison of the Business Success versus Failure Prediction Model’, Journal of Small Business Management, 48(3), 360.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mahmood, R. A. (1994) ‘Adaptation to a New World: Experience of Bangladeshis in Japan’, International Migration, 32(4), 513–32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mahmood, R. A. (1995) ‘Emigration Dynamics in Bangladesh’, International Migration/Migrations (Internationales/Migraciones Internationales), 33(3-4), 699–728.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mamun, K. A. and Nath, H. K. (2010) ‘Workers’ Migration and Remittances in Bangladesh’, Journal of Business Strategies, 27(1), 29–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mboko, S. and Smith-Hunter, A. E. (2009) ‘Women Entrepreneurs in Zimbabwe: A Case Study’, Journal of Global Business Issues, 3(1), 157–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCue, C. and Prier, E. (2008) ‘Using Agency Theory to Model Cooperative Public Purchasing’, Journal of Public Procurement, 8(1): 1–35.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morgan, A. and Finniear, J. (2009) ‘Migrant Workers and the Changing Psychological Contract’, Journal of European Industrial Training, 33(4), 305–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Munoz-Laboy, M., Hirsch, J. S. and Quispe-Lazaro, A. (2009) ‘Loneliness as a Sexual Risk Factor for Male Mexican Migrant Workers’, American Journal of Public Health, 99(5), 802–10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murphy, R. (1999) ‘Return Migrant Entrepreneurs and Economic Diversification in Two Counties in South Jiangxi, China’, Journal of International Development, 11(4), 661–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O’Brien, C. (2009) ‘Social Blind Spots and Monocular Policy Making: The ECJ’s Migrant Worker Model’, Common Market Law Review, 46(4), 1107–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Page, J. and Plaza, S. (2006) ‘Migration Remittances and Development: A Review of Global Evidence’, Journal of African Economies, 15, 245–336.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pearson, C. and Entrekin, L. (1998) ‘Structural Properties, Work Practices, and Control in Asian Businesses: Some Evidence from Singapore and Malaysia’, Human Relations, 51(10), 1285–306.

    Google Scholar 

  • Piotrowski, M. (2006) ‘The Effect of Social Networks at Origin Communities on Migrant Remittances: Evidence from Nang Rong District’, European Journal of Population, 22(1), 67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rahman, M. M. (2009) ‘Temporary Migration and Changing Family Dynamics: Implications for Social Development’, Population, Space and Place, 15, 161–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rahman, M. M. (2010) ‘Remittance as a Social Process: the Singapore-Bangladesh Remittance Corridor’, Asia and Pacific Migration Journal, 19(2), 265–94.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rahman, M. M. (2012) ‘Bangladeshi Labour Migration to the Gulf States: Patterns of Recruitment and Processes’, Canadian Journal of Development Studies (Routledge Journal), 33(2), 214–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rahman, M. M. and Fee, M. L. K. (2005) ‘Bangladeshi Migrant Workers in Singapore: The View from Inside’, Asia Pacific Population Journal, 20(1), 63–88.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rahman, M. M. and Fee M. L. K. (2012) ‘Toward a Sociology of Migrant Remittances in Asia: Conceptual and Methodological issues’, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 38(4), 689–706.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rahman, M., Mustafa, M. et al. (2006) ‘Growth and Employment Empirics of Bangladesh’, The Journal of Developing Areas, 40(1).

    Google Scholar 

  • Rahman, M. M. and Yeoh, B. S. A (2008) ‘The Social Organization of Hundi: The Remittance Transfer from East and Southeast Asia to Bangladesh’, Asian Population Studies, 4(1), 5–29.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ratha, D. (2005a) ‘Remittances: A Lifeline for Development’, Finance & Development, 42(4), 42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ratha, D. (2005b) ‘Sending Money Home: Trends in Migrant Remittances’, Finance & Development, 42(4), 44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ratha, D. and Shaw, W. (2007) South-South Migration and Remittances (The World Bank).

    Google Scholar 

  • Reichert, J. S. (1981) ‘The Migrant Syndrome: Seasonal US Wage Labor and Rural Development in Central Mexico’, Human Organization, 40(1), 56–66.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ruiz, I. and Vargas-Silva, C. (2009) ‘To Send, or Not to Send: That is the Question. A Review of the Literature on Workers’ Remittances’, Journal of Business Strategies, 26(1), 73–98.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saarela, J. and Finnas, F. (2009) ‘Return Migrant Status and Employment in Finland’, International Journal of Manpower, 30(5), 489–506.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saab, G. and Ayoub, M. (2010) ‘The Dutch Disease Syndrome in Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria: A Comparative Study’, Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal incorporating Journal of Global Competitiveness, 20(4), 343–59.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Servon, L. J., Fairlie, R. W., Rastello, B. and Seely, A. (2010) ‘The Five Gaps Facing Small and Microbusiness Owners: Evidence from New York City’, Economic Development Quarterly, 24(2), 126–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shinnar, R. S. and Young, C. A. (2008) ‘Hispanic Immigrant Entrepreneurs in the Las Vegas Metropolitan Area: Motivations for Entry into and Outcomes of Self-Employment’, Journal of Small Business Management, 46(2), 242–62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Siddiqui, T. (2004) Decent Work and International Labour Migration from Bangladesh, paper presented at the National Policy Dialogue on ‘Globalisation, Decent Work and Poverty Reduction: Policy Alternatives’ under Decent Work Pilot Programme of Bangladesh’, ILO Dhaka, Bangladesh.

    Google Scholar 

  • Siddiqui, T. and Abrar, C. R. (2003) Migrant Workers Remittance and Micro-Finance in Bangladesh, Social Finance Program, Working Paper No. 38 (International Labour Office), 1–111.

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh, S., Cabraal, A. and Robertson, S. (2010) ‘Remittances as a Currency of Care: A Focus on “Twice Migrants” among the Indian Diaspora in Australia’, Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 42(2), 245.

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh, J. and Lumsden, C. (1990) ‘Theory and Research in Organization Ecology’, Annual Review of Sociology, 16, 161–95.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sofranko, A. J. and Idris, K. (1999) ‘Use of Overseas Migrants’ Remittances to the Extended Family for Business Investment: A Research Note’, Rural Sociology, 64, 464–81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stark, O. (1991) The Migration of Labor (Cambridge: Basil Blackwell).

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, J. and Lopez-Feldman, A. (2010) ‘Does Migration Make Rural Households More Productive? Evidence from Mexico’, The Journal of Development Studies, 46(1), 68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vargas-Silva, C. (2008) ‘Are Remittances Manna from Heaven? A Look at the Business Cycle Properties of Remittances’, The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, 19(3), 290–303.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Williamson, O. E. (1998) ‘Transaction Cost Economics: How It Works: Where It is Headed’, De Economist, 146(1), 23–58, ref http://classwebs.spea.indiana.edu/kenricha/classes/v640/v640%20readings/williamson%201998.pdf.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Willis, R. J. (1986) ‘Wage Determinants: A Survey and Reinterpretation of Human Capital Earnings Functions’, in C. Ashenfelder and R. Layard (eds), Handbook of Labor Economics (Amsterdam: North-Holland).

    Google Scholar 

  • Winona National Bank (2010) Business Life Cycle. Retrieved 29 December 2010 from http://www.winonanationalbank.com/BusinessBanking/BusinessLifeCycle.aspx.

  • World Bank (2012) Migration and Development Brief, 18. Retrieved 12 September 2012 from http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTPROSPECTS/Resources/334934-1110315015165/MigrationandDevelopmentBrief18.pdf.

  • Yin, R. K. (1994) Case Study Research Design and Methods (Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, A. (2010) ‘Will the Fair Work Act Bring Improvements for Migrant Women Workers?’ The Economic and Labour Relations Review, 21(1), 69.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Shahadat Khan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of South Asian Studies, National University of Singapore, Singapore

    Gopinath Pillai (Chairman) (Chairman)

Copyright information

© 2013 Shahadat Khan

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Khan, S. (2013). Migrant Remittance Supported Micro-Enterprises in South Asia. In: Pillai, G. (eds) The Political Economy of South Asian Diaspora. International Political Economy Series. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137285973_5

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation