Abstract
The relationship between multiculturalism and integration has been examined by a number of authors. Similarities and differences between the ideas have been explored and analysed, and the debates are ongoing (Race, 2008; 2011; Cantle, 2012; Modood, 2013). Williams (2013, p. 1) has developed the idea of the multicultural dilemma. She describes this idea as the political consequences that relate to the hostility between the host population concerning rising rates of immigration. Katwala (2013, p. 15) defines integration as: ‘respect for the law, the ability to speak English, and the desire to contribute positively to society [and a] … commitment to fair treatment’. Katwala (2013) argues that a combination of these factors leads towards an integrationist consensus, but it is people-focused rather than politically focused. The distinction between people and politics is important because both elements shape responses within both the multicultural dilemma and integrationist consensus. Political speeches by Angela Merkel and David Cameron between November 2010 and March 2011, criticised the multicultural project and declared the term was no longer useful and, in fact, integration was the way forward when dealing with society, cultural diversity and immigration in both Germany and the United Kingdom. Within an English context, the integrationist focus can be seen within recent Coalition policy documents in England (DCLG, 2012; Pickles, 2013). An interesting response to Merkel’s and Cameron’s speeches defended multicultural ideas and the notion of celebrating cultural diversity rather than being hostile towards the continued economic and cultural benefits of immigration (Mahamdallie, 2011).
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Race, R. (2014). The Multicultural Dilemma, the Integrationist Consensus and the Consequences for Advancing Race and Ethnicity within Education. In: Race, R., Lander, V. (eds) Advancing Race and Ethnicity in Education. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137274762_14
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