Abstract
This chapter examines how Indian women’s collective networks mobilize to accommodate their new identities as individualized workers in the transnational information technology industry while they retain their traditional place in the family. The information technology (IT) industry is considered a poster child for globalization in India. Its growth was facilitated by the economic reforms of 1991. Following these reforms, several multinational IT companies set up offshore development centres in India, while domestic companies developed an international network of clients and customers. The IT industry enabled India to enter international markets and Western companies to enter India. This led to the creation of a large number of jobs offering unprecedented salaries, exposure to international markets, and hi-tech work environments: a new sub-class was formed — the information technology workforce. The industry directly employs 1.6 million people while providing indirect employment to another 6 million in related industries (NASSCOM 2007). Women currently form about 30 to 35 per cent of the information technology workforce (see Nayare Ali, 2007 and Ramalingam, 2007). The IT industry aims to further increase their numbers.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Adkins, L. (2000) ‘Objects of Innovation: Post-occupational Reflexivity and Re-traditionalisations of Gender’. In Transformations: Thinking Through Feminism, edited by S. Ahmed, J. Kilby, C. Lury, M. McNeil, and B. Skeggs. New York and London: Routledge.
Afshar, H. (1989) ‘Gender Roles and the “Moral Economy of Kin” amongst Pakistani Women in West Yorkshire’. New Community 15(2): 211–55.
Awaya, T. (2003) ‘Becoming a Female Citizen in Colonial Kerala’. In Perspectives from Asia and the Pacific, edited by Y. Hayami, A. Tanabe, and Y Tokia-Tanabe. Kyoto and Melbourne: Kyoto University Press and Trans Pacific Press.
Belliappa, J. (2009) ‘Relational Identities: Middle Class Indian Women Negotiate the Consequences of Late Modernity and Globalization’. PhD Thesis. York: University of York.
Béteille, A. (1993) ‘The Family and the Reproduction of Inequality’. In Family, Kinship and Marriage in India, edited by P. Uberoi. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
DeVault, M. L. (1999) ‘Comfort and Struggle: Emotion Work in Family Life’. Annals of American Academy of Political and Social Science 561: 52–63.
di Leonardo, M. (1987) ‘The Female World of Cards and Holidays: Women, Families, and the Work of Kinship’. Signs 12(3): 440–53.
Chatterjee, P. (1989) ‘The Nationalist Resolution of the Women’s Question’. In Recasting Women: Essays on Colonial History, edited by K. Sangar and S. Vaid. New Delhi: Kali for Women.
Healey, L. (1994) ‘Modernity, Identity and Construction of Malay Womanhood’. In Modernity and Identity: Asian Illustrations, edited by A. Gomes. Victoria: La Trobe University Press.
Hochschild, A. R. with A. Machung. (1989) The Second Shift: Working Parents and the Revolution at Home. New York: Penguin.
Hochschild, A. R. (1997) The Time Bind: When Work Becomes Home and Home Becomes Work. New York: Henry Holt.
Jayawardena, J. (2002) Cultural Construction of the ‘Sinhala Woman’ and Women’s Lives in Post-Independence Sri Lanka. PhD Dissertation. York: University of York.
Kakar, S. (1988) ‘Feminine Identity in India’. In Women in Society: A Reader, edited by R. Ghadially. New Delhi: Sage Publications.
Karve, I. [1967]/(1993) ‘The Kinship Map of India’. In Family, Kinship and Marriage in India, edited by P. Uberoi. Delhi: Oxford University Press.
Krishna, A., and V. Brihamadesam. (2006) ‘What Does it Take to Become a Software Professional?’ Economic Political Weekly 41(30): 3307–14.
Liddle, J., and R. Joshi. (1986) Daughters of Independence. London: Zed Books and New Delhi: Kali for Women.
Madan, T. N. (1993) ‘The Structural Implications of Marriage Alliances in North India: Wife-givers and Wife-takers among the Pandits of Kashmir’. In Family, Kinship and Marriage in India, edited by P. Uberoi. Delhi: Oxford University Press.
McKinsey Global Institute. (2007) Bird of Gold: The Rise of India’s Consumer Market. McKinsey & Company. Available at http://www.mckinsey.com/mgi/reports/pdfs/india_consumer_market/MGI_india_consumer_full_report.pdf
National Association of Software and Services Companies (NASSCOM). (2007) Crossing Milestones: India’s IT-BPO Industry Comes of Age Issue No. 69. NASSCOM Gender Inclusivity Initiative Overview. Available at http://www.nasscom.in/Nasscom/templates/LandingPage.aspx?id=53660Nayare
Ali. (2006) ‘Hi Tech Women’. Asian Age. Available at http://www.nasscom.in/Nasscom/templates/NormalPage.aspx?id=49604
Pocock, B. (2003) The Work/Life Collision: What Work Is Doing to Australians and What to Do about It. Sydney: The Federation Press.
Pollard, L. (2005) Nurturing the Nation: The Family Politics of Modernizing, Colonizing and Liberating Egypt. (1805/1923) Berkeley: University of California Press.
Ramalingam, A. (2007) ‘It’s a Woman’s World’. The Sunday Times of India. 11 March 2007.
Rosenthal, C. J. (1985) ‘Kinkeeping in the Familial Division of Labor’. Journal of Marriage and the Family 47(4): 965–74.
Shah, A. M. (1973) The Household Dimension of the Family in India: A Field Study in a Gujarat Village and a Review of Other Studies. New Delhi: Orient Longman and Berkeley: University of California Press.
Talwar, V. (1989) ‘Feminist Consciousness in Women’s Journals in Hindi: 1910–1920’. In Recasting Women: Essays on Colonial History, edited by K. Sangari and S. Vaid. New Delhi: Kali for Women.
Tokita-Tanabe, Y. (2003) ‘Aesthetics of Female Self: Modernity and Cultural Agency of Urban Middle-class Women in Orissa’. In Gender and Modernity: Perspectives from Asia and the Pacific, edited by Y. Hayami, A. Tanabe, and Y. Tokita-Tanabe. Kyoto and Melbourne: Kyoto University Press and Trans Pacific Press.
Thapan, M. (2004) ‘Embodiment and Identity in Contemporary Society: Femina and the “New” Indian Woman’. Contributions to Indian Sociology 38(3): 415–44.
Upadhya, C., and A. R. Vasavi (2006). Work, Culture and Sociality in the Indian IT Industry: A Sociological Study. Final report submitted to Indo-Dutch Programme for Alternatives in Development. Available at http://silk.arachnis.com/anthro/NIAS-IDPAD%20IT%20Study%20Fina1%20Report.pdf
Wajcman, J. (1998) Managing Like a Man: Women and Men in Corporate Management. Pennsylvania: The Pennsylvania State University Press.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2012 Jyothsna Belliappa
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Belliappa, J. (2012). Mobilizing Collective Networks to Enable Individual Success: The Case of Middle-class Indian Women Employed in Information Technology. In: Afshar, H. (eds) Women and Fluid Identities. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137265302_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137265302_4
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-33950-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-137-26530-2
eBook Packages: Palgrave Social Sciences CollectionSocial Sciences (R0)