Abstract
The migration of nationals from European colonial powers to their possessions in Africa in the 19th and 20th centuries played a role in setting the socioeconomic, political, and administrative context of the colonial society, which rested on the exploitation of natural resources and bountiful, extremely cheap African labour.1 As a rule, it was a temporary migration. Deadly diseases, intense heat, and high humidity made long-lasting settlement of Europeans difficult in the Tropics.
Translation by Isabel Alves/Bergen Peck, revised and edited by Eric Morier-Genoud. This chapter is based on the author’s PhD thesis (University of Lisbon, 2005), published in 2007 as Passagens para África: O povoamento de Angola e Moçambique com naturais da metrópole (1920–1974), Edições Afrontamento, Porto. It is dedicated to Valentim Alexandre.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Alexandre, V. (2000), Velho Brasil novas Áfricas: Portugal e o Império (1808–1975). Edições Afrontamento, Porto.
Amaral, I. (1960), Aspectos do povoamento branco de Angola. Junta de Investigações do Ultramar, Lisbon.
Bade, K. L. (2001), ‘Migration History,’ in N. J. Smelser and P. B. Baltes (eds.), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences. Vol. 14. Elsevier, Oxford, pp. 9809–9815.
Barata, O. Soares (1965), Migrações e povoamento. Sociedade de Geografia de Lisboa, Lisbon.
Bender, G. (1980), Angola sob o domínio português: Mito e realidade. Sá da Costa Editora, Lisbon.
Bourdieu, P. (1979), ‘Les trois états du capital culturel.’ Actes de la Recherche en Sciences Sociales no. 30, pp. 3–6.
Castelo, C. (1998), ‘O modo português de estar no mundo’: O luso-tropicalismo e a ideologia colonial portuguesa (1933 –1961). Edições Afrontamento, Porto.
Castelo, C. (2007), Passagens para África: O povoamento de Angola e Moçambique com naturais da metrópole (1920–1974). Edições Afrontamento, Porto.
Clarence-Smith, G. W. (1990), O terceiro império português (1825–1975). Teorema, Lisbon.
Cónim, C. (1990), Portugal e a sua população. 2nd vol. Alfa, Lisbon.
Constantine, S. (1999), ‘Migrants and settlers,’ in J. Brown and W. R. Louis (eds.), The Oxford History of the British Empire. Vol. 4: The Twentieth Century. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 163–187.
Elkins, C., and Pedersen, S. (eds.) (2005), Settler Colonialism in the Twentieth Century: Projects, Practices, Legacies. Routledge, New York.
Kennedy, D. (1987), Islands of White: Settler Society and Culture in Kenya and Southern Rhodesia: 1890–1939. Duke University Press, Durham (NC).
Léonard, Y. (1997), ‘Salazarisme et lusotropicalisme: Histoire d’une appropriation,’ Lusotopie, Karthala, Paris, pp. 211–226.
Lubkemann, S. (2005), ‘Unsettling the Metropole: Race and Settler Reincorporation in Postcolonial Portugal,’ in C. Elkins and S. Pedersen (eds.), Settler Colonialism in the Twentieth Century: Projects, Practices, Legacies. Routledge, New York, pp. 257–270.
Messiant, C. (2006), 1961: L’Angola colonial, histoire et société: Les prémisses du mouvement nationaliste. P. Schlettwein, Basel.
Newitt, M. (1995), A History of Mozambique. C. Hurst and Co., London.
Nora, P. (1961), Les français d’Algérie. R. Julliard, Paris.
Ovalle-Bahamon, R. (2003), ‘The Wrinkles of Decolonization and Nationness : White Angolans as Retornados in Portugal,’ in A. Smith (ed.), Europe’s Invisible Migrants: Consequences of the Colonists Return. Amsterdam University Press, Amsterdam, pp. 147–168.
Peixoto, J. (1999), ‘A emigração,’ in F. Bethencourt and K. Chaudhuri (eds.), História da expansão portuguesa. Vol. 5: Último império e recentramento (1930–1998). Círculo de Leitores, Lisbon, pp. 152–181.
Pélissier, R. (1978), La colonie du Minotaure: Nationalismes et révoltes en Angola: 1926–1961, Author’s Edition, Orgeval.
Penvenne, J. M. (2005), ‘Settling against the Tide: The Layered Contradictions of Twentieth-Century Portuguese Settlement in Mozambique,’ in C. Elkins and S. Pedersen (eds.), Settler Colonialism in the Twentieth Century: Projects, Practices, Legacies. Routledge, New York, pp. 79–94.
Pereira, M. Halpern (1981), A política portuguesa de emigração: 1850–1930. A Regra do Jogo, Lisbon.
Pereira, M. Halpern (2001), Diversidade e assimetrias: Portugal nos séculos xix e xx. Imprensa de Ciências Sociais, Lisbon.
Pimenta, F. Tavares (2008), Angola, os brancos e a independência. Edições Afrontamento, Porto.
Pires, R. Pena (2003), Migrações e integração: Teoria e aplicações à sociedade portuguesa. Celta Editora, Oeiras.
Ribeiro, F. G. Cassolo (1986), Emigração portuguesa: Aspectos relevantes relativos às políticas adoptadas no domínio da emigração portuguesa, desde a última guerra: Contribuição para o seu estudo. Secretaria de Estado das Comunidades Portuguesas, Lisbon.
Salazar, A. Oliveira (1937), Discursos e notas políticas. Vol. 2. Coimbra Editora, Coimbra.
Smith, A. (2003), Europe’s Invisible Migrants: Consequences of the Colonists Return. Amsterdam University Press, Amsterdam.
Uusihakala, K. (1999), ‘From Impulsive Adventure to Postcolonial Commitment: Making White Identity in Contemporary Kenya.’ European Journal of Cultural Studies no. 2, pp. 27–46.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2013 Cláudia Castelo
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Castelo, C. (2013). Colonial Migration to Angola and Mozambique: Constraints and Illusions. In: Morier-Genoud, E., Cahen, M. (eds) Imperial Migrations. Migration, Diasporas and Citizenship. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137265005_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137265005_4
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-34604-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-137-26500-5
eBook Packages: Palgrave Social Sciences CollectionSocial Sciences (R0)