Abstract
The concept with which Orhan Pamuk associates his novel Snow in his speech as the recipient of the 2006 Nobel Prize for Literature—the novelist’s imagination as a chance to alter one’s own identity by transforming the “other” into the self—constitutes this chapter’s core concern. “[G]reat literature speaks not to our powers of judgment, but to our ability to put ourselves in someone else’s place,”2 the author states. “The world to which I wish to belong is, of course, the world of the imagination,” he announces, adding, “it is the imagination of the novelist that gives the bounded world of everyday life its particularity, its magic and its soul.”3 Snow is a canvas on which Pamuk designs a soulful life of particularity and magic for his protagonist Ka—a word choice that conveys his creative idiosyncrasy from the onset as it evokes “kar,” snow, in his native tongue as well as Kars, the Turkish city where he unfolds Ka’s life in momentous transformations. Ka’s born identity also attains distinctiveness, for Pamuk has him eliminate both his names, implicating him with a violation of the country’s law on family names.4
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Notes
Orhan Pamuk, “In Kars and Frankfurt,” trans. Maureen Freely. 2005 Commencement Speech
Azade Seyhan, “Enduring Grief: Autobiography as ‘Poetry of Witness’ in the Work of Assia Djebar and Nazim Hikmet,” Comparative Literature Studies 40.2 (2003): 159–172, 167.
See Nazim Hikmet, Human Landscapes from My Country (New York: Persea Books, 2002).
In Orhan Pamuk, Snow, trans. Maureen Freely (New York: Vintage International, 2005), see pp. 6 and 7.
See Alev Tekinay’s dervish novel, The CryingPomegranate (Frankfurt, Germany: Suhrkamp Phantastische Bibliothek, German Edition, 1998); her short story “Jakob und Yakup” in: Es brennt ein Feuer in mir (Frankfurt, Germany: Brandes & Apsel, 1990).
Emine Sevgi Özdamar’s Life Is a Caravanserai: Has Two Doors—I Came in One—I Went Out the Other (London: Middlesex University Press, 2000); Mother Tongue. Toronto: Coach House Press, 1994); and The Courtyard in the Mirror (Köln, Germany: Kiepenheuer & Witsch, 2001).
Zafer Şenocak’s Dangerous Relationships (München, Germany: Babel Verlag, 1998). With Snow, Pamuk replicates the exilic consciousness, humanism, and poetic symbolism of Nazim while he disentangles an ambivalent plot of multiple negotiations between Tekinay’s treatment of Islamic mysticism, Özdamar’s construction of ancestorial biographies through a Turkish and Kurdish cast, and Şenocak’s unauthorized biography of the Turkish nation. I also assert that Pamuk’s thorough knowledge of the “othering” of Erich Auerbach with a displacement—of all the places in Turkey—to his beloved Istanbul, and of his critical writings enabled through the periphery, a context of his continuous fascination as I have argued throughout, does seem to have helped him refine his construction of the ideal exilic writer and work.
Tekinay’s protagonist has an altered born identity—Ferdi T.—as does Ka; for both, self-fulfillment is tied to the composer of a small book of poetry, and elements of Sufism are blended prominently into Snow in the model of Tekinay’s dervish novel. See Mevlana Celaleddin Rumi, Divan-I Kebir. Ankara, Turkey: İş Bankasι Yayιnlarι, 2008).
For one of the most comprehensive studies on Rumi’s Sufi poetry and symbolic imagery that Tekinay makes frequent use of in her novel, see Annemarie Schimmel, Mystical Dimensions of Islam. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1975).
Monika Shafi focuses on The Bridge of the Golden Horn. See “Joint Ventures: Identity Politics and Travel in Novels by Emine Sevgi Ozdamar and Zafer Şenocak,” Comparative Literature 40.2 (2003): 193–214.
Shafi, p. 197. For an extensive discussion of diasporic literature, see also Azade Seyhan, Writing Outside the Nation (Princeton, NJ, and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2001).
Leslie Adelson, The Turkish Turn in Contemporary German Literature (Palgrave Macmillan, 2005).
Edward Said, Representations ofthe Intellectual (New York: Vintage Books, 1996). p. 59.
Mikhail Bakhtin, The Dialogic Imagination (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1981), p. 312.
Said, Joseph Conrad and the Fiction of Autobiography (New York: Columbia University Press, 2008).
Edward Said, Reflections on Exile and Other Essays (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2000), p. 181.
Edward Said, Letters of Transit (New York Public Library, 1999), p. 111.
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© 2012 Mehnaz M. Afridi and David M. Buyze
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Yilmaz, H. (2012). The Imagined Exile: Orhan Pamuk in His Novel Snow . In: Afridi, M.M., Buyze, D.M. (eds) Global Perspectives on Orhan Pamuk. Literatures and Cultures of the Islamic World. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137039545_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137039545_8
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