Abstract
The Fenians had attempted to detach the debate about Irish independence from the polemical confrontation between Catholic and Protestant. The defeat of Gladstone’s Irish University Bill of 1873, through opposition from the Catholic hierarchy, brought down the Liberal government. The Bill proposed the abolition of Queen’s College, Galway, and the creation of an Irish National University, incorporating both Trinity College and the Catholic University of Dublin — but excluding theology, philosophy and modern history from the curriculum.1 Newman’s Idea of a university (1875) held that to exclude theology from university courses was ‘to impair the completeness and invalidate the trustworthiness of all that is actually taught in them’; but he was defending Catholic not Reformation theology.2 The 1870s saw Protestant resentment at Disestablishment redoubled by the promulgation of the dogma of Papal Infallibility. The resentment was dramatically fuelled by Gladstone’s intemperate intervention.
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Notes
J. H. Newman, The idea of a university defined and illustrated (1875) p. 70.
W. E. Gladstone, The Vatican decrees in their bearing on civil allegiance: a political expostulation (1874) in Norman [10.12] pp. 213–16.
J. H. Newman, Letter addressed to His Grace the Duke of Norfolk on the occasion of Mr Gladstone’s recent expostulation (1875) in Norman, p. 223.
See J. L. Hammond, Gladstone and the Irish nation (1938) p. 52n.
P. Magnus, Gladstone: a biography (Murray, 1956) pp. 235–6).
J. A. Froude, The English in Ireland in the eighteenth century 3 vols 2nd edn (1887) i pp. 5–6.
J. Morley, Burke (1888) p. 315.
see G. R. Searle, A new England? Peace and war 1886–1918 (Oxford: Clarendon Press paperback, 2004) especially pp. 117–19.
A. Roberts, Salisbury: Victorian Titan (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1999) p. 251.
See also M. Oliphant, Queen Victoria: a personal sketch (London, New York, Melbourne, 1901).
W. H. Maxwell, History of the Irish rebellion new edn (1894).
Rev. P. F. Kavanagh, Popular History of the insurrection of 1798 new edn (Dublin, 1898).
T. W. Russell, Ireland and the Empire: a review 1800–1900 (London and New York, 1901).
See also H. Butler, ‘Anglo-Irish Twilight’ in his Escape from the Anthill (Gigginstown, Co Meath, 1986) paperback edn pp. 83–4.
T. D. Ingram, Critical examination of Irish history. Being a replacement of the false by the true from the Elizabethan conquest to the legislative union of 1800 2 vols (London, Dublin and New York, 1900) i pp. 1, 12–14.
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© 2006 Stuart Andrews
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Andrews, S. (2006). Jubilees, Centenaries and Historians. In: Irish Rebellion. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230800571_11
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230800571_11
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