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Foreword: Migration, Modernity and English Writing ā€” Reflections on Migrant Identity and Canon Formation

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A Black British Canon?

Abstract

My name is Mike Phillips and Iā€™m a novelist among other things. You may not know that I am a United Kingdom citizen, and you may not know that I do not think of myself as a Caribbean writer, or an African writer, or an African American writer, or a diasporic writer, or even as a writer with an ambiguous stance somewhere in the middle of the Atlantic. No such luck. I think of myself as an English writer, and all of this seems simple enough, except that I also think of myself (and I often describe myself) as a black British writer. In this last persona, however, I am perpetually and consistently confronted by a specific difficulty, which is to do with a perceived disjunction between who I am and my identity as a writer. I want to point to the nature of the difficulty by quoting you an email I received recently from a woman, who described herself as being of Jamaican/Scottish parentage, and who was writing a PhD, which she described as

largely devoted to a discussion of issues for mixed race people in this country not least the historic invisibility, and the pressure to identify as a single, specific race that tends to come from people outside of the experience of being racially mixed.

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Notes

  1. Mike Phillips, Blood Rights (London: Michael Joseph, 1989).

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  2. Sukdhev Sandhu, London Calling: Descriptions of the English Metropolis by African, Caribbean and South Asian Writers, 1772ā€“1998 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998).

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  3. Sandhu, op. cit., p. 301.

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  4. For example of Phillipsā€™ and Kureishiā€™s work see Caryl Phillips, The Final Passage (London: Faber, 1984)

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  5. and Hanif Kureishi, The Budda of Surburbia (London: Faber, 1990)

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  6. and My beatitiful Laundrette (London: Faber, 1984)

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  7. Among Andrea Levyā€™s writings are Every Light in the House Burninā€™ London: Headline Review, 1994)

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  8. and Fruit of the Lemon (London: Headline Review, 1999)

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  9. Among Ferdinand Dennis works are: The Sleepless Summer (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1989)

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  10. and Duppy Conqueror (London: Flamingo, 1998)

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  11. Works from these authors for further reading might include: Courttia Newland, The Scholar: A West Side Story (London: Abacus, 1998)

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  12. Alex Wheatle, Brixton Rock (London: BlackAmber Books, 1999)

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  13. and East of Acre Lane (London: HarperCollins, 2002)

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  14. Anton Marks, Bushman (London: The X Press, 2004)

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  15. Mike Gayle, My Legendary Girlfriend (London: Flame, 1998)

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  16. and Turning Thirty (London: Flame, 2000)

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  17. and Nicola Williams Without Prejudice (London: St Martinā€™s Press, 1998).

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  18. Tabish Khair, ā€˜Laeserens foedsel ā€” og doed,ā€™ Information, 25 November 2004, p. 12.

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  19. Diran Adebayo, Some Kind of Black (London: Virago, 1996), p. 47.

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  20. Gayatri Spivak, ā€˜Who Claims Alterity?,ā€™ in Barbara Kruger and Phil Mariana (eds), Remaking History (Seattle: Bay Press, 1989), pp. 269ā€“92; p. 275.

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  21. For a discussion of V.S. Naipaul, see Bruce King, V.S. Naipaul (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 1993).

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  22. See Bruce King, ā€˜The Internationalization of English Literatureā€™, The Oxford English Literary History, Vol. 13, 1948ā€“2000. pp. 125ā€“40.

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  23. Mike Phillips and Trevor Phillips, Windrush: The Irrestistible Rise of Multi-Racial Britain (London: HarperCollins, 1998).

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  24. Joseph Conrad, The Heart of Darkness (London: Dent & Sons Ltd, 1902).

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  25. Edward Said, Orientalism (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1978).

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  26. Henk de Berg, Freudā€™s Theory and its Uses in Literary and Cultural Studies: An Introduction (Rochester, NY: Camden House, 2003).

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  27. T.S. Eliot, ā€˜The Lovesong of J Alfred Prufrockā€™, in Collected Poems 1909ā€“1962 (London: Faber, 1974), p. 13.

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  28. W.B. Yeats, ā€˜The Second Comingā€™, in Selected Poetry (London: Macmillan, 1974), p. 99.

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  29. James Joyce, Finneganā€™s Wake (London: Faber, 1939), p. 103.

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  30. James Joyce, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (St Albans: Triad Books, 1977), p. 172.

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  31. Spivak, op. cit., P. 275.

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Authors

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Gail Low Marion Wynne-Davies

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Ā© 2006 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited

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Phillips, M. (2006). Foreword: Migration, Modernity and English Writing ā€” Reflections on Migrant Identity and Canon Formation. In: Low, G., Wynne-Davies, M. (eds) A Black British Canon?. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230625693_2

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