Abstract
From its inception as an information technology, the Internet has moved on to become a tool with the capacity to influence almost all aspects of human life. These include its use as a tool for persuasion, pro-social behavior, intergroup conflict, leadership, group discussion, and decisionmaking (Amichai-Hamburger 2008, 544). The Internet in the last decade has brought about dramatic changes not only in how individuals carry out day-to-day communications but also in how organizations conduct their business (Ayish 2004, 381; Kirat 2007, 166).
A version of this chapter was submitted as a paper at the Conference, “Media and Development: Local and Global Initiatives,” the Communication and Media Research Institute (CAMRI), University of Westminster, London, March 27–28, 2008.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Alfonso, G. and R. Miguel. 2006. “Trends in Online Media Relations: Web-based Corporate Press Room in Leading International Companies.” Public Relations Review 32: 267–275.
Amichai-Hamburger, Y. 2008. “Potential and Promise of Online Volunteering.” Computers in Human Behavior 24: 544–562.
Ayish, M. 2005. “Virtual Public Relations in the United Arab Emirates: A Case Study of 20 UAE Organizations’ Use of the Internet.” Public Relations Review 31: 381–388.
Ayyad, K. 2001. The Developmental Dimensions of the Egyptian Media Role in the Peace Process. PhD Thesis. Leicester: University of Leicester.
Clark, J. and N. Themudo. 2006. “Linking the Web and the Street: Internet-based ‘Dotcauses’ and the ‘Anti-Globalization’ Movement.” World Development 34: 50–74.
EOHR. 2008. Egyptian Organization of Human Rights Reports 2008. http://www.eohr.org (accessed January 13, 2008).
Ford, D. 2007. “Technologizing Africa: On the Bumpy Information Highway.” Computers and Composition 24: 302–316.
Hopkins, J. 2002. “States, Markets and Corruption: A Review of some Recent Literature.” Review of International Political Economy 9: 574–590.
Ibrahim, Na., A. Lachant, and L. Nahas. 2003. NGOs as Civil Society Actors on Media Policy Change in Egypt: Capacity Building within a Contextual Framework. Report Produced for Stanhope Centre for Communications Policy Research. London: London School of Economics, Development Studies Institute.
Kang, S. and H. Norton. 2004. “Non-Profit Organizations’ Use of the World Wide Web: Are They Sufficiently Fulfilling Organizational Goals?” Public Relations Review 30: 279–284.
Kefaya. 2008. Kefaya (enough) to Cleanse Egypt, Judicial and documentary file 2008. http://kefaya.org/index.htm (accessed January 4, 2008).
Kent, M. and M. Taylor. 1998. “Building Dialogic Relationships through the World Wide Web.” Public Relations Review 24: 321–334.
Kent, M. and M. Taylor 2002. “Toward a Dialogic Theory of Public Relations.” Public Relations Review 28: 21–37.
Kent, M., M. Taylor, and W. White. 2003. “The Relationship between Web Site Design and Organizational Responsiveness to Stakeholders.” Public Relations Review 29: 63–77.
Kirat, M. 2007. “Promoting Online Media Relations: Public Relations Department Use of Internet in the UAE.” Public Relations Review 33: 166–174.
MiniWatts. 2007. Egypt Internet Usage and Marketing Report 2007. Telecommunications Industry Reports. http://www.internetworldstats.com/af/eg.htm (accessed January 12, 2008).
Naudé, A., J. Froneman, and R. Atwood. 2004. “The Use of the Internet by Ten South African Non-governmental Organizations—A Public Relations perspective.” Public Relations Review 30: 87–94.
Ranchhod, A, C. Gurau, and J. Lace. 2002. “On-line Messages: Developing an Integrated Communications Model for Biotechnology Companies.” Qualitative Market Research 5: 6–18.
Resolutions of European Parliament. http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?language=EN&type
Ryan, M. 2003. “Public Relations and the Web: Organizational Problems, Gender and Institution Type.” Public Relations Review 29: 335–349.
Sullivan, D. 2000. NGOs and Development in the Arab World: The Critical Importance of a Strong Partnership between Government and Civil Society. Published on the Web with Permission of Ibn Khaldun Centre, Cairo. http://www.mideastinfo.com/arabngo.htm (accessed January 18, 2008).
Taylor, M, M. Kent, and W. White. 2001. “How Activist Organizations are Using the Internet to Build Relationships.” Public Relations Review 27: 263–284.
TI. 2007. Corruption Perceptions Index, Regional Highlights: Africa 2007. Transparency International (TI). http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2007 (accessed August 1, 2008).
White, C. and N. Raman. 2000. “The World Wide Web as a Public Relations Medium: The Use of Research, Planning, and evaluation in Web Site Development.” Public Relations Review 25: 405–419.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2009 Okoth Fred Mudhai, Wisdom J. Tettey, and Fackson Banda
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ayyad, K. (2009). Use of the Internet by NGOs to Promote Government Accountability: The Case of Egypt. In: Mudhai, O.F., Tettey, W.J., Banda, F. (eds) African Media and the Digital Public Sphere. Palgrave Macmillan Series in International Political Communication. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230621756_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230621756_6
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, New York
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-37859-3
Online ISBN: 978-0-230-62175-6
eBook Packages: Palgrave Political & Intern. Studies CollectionPolitical Science and International Studies (R0)