Skip to main content

Writing the Special Period: An Introduction

  • Chapter
Cuba in the Special Period

Part of the book series: New Concepts in Latino American Cultures ((NDLAC))

Abstract

It is always a challenge to bracket a time period and categorize it as a historical epoch. The Special Period, not unlike the Cold War, the twentieth century, or the 1960s, is not only a historical convention, or an analytical construct, but also a defining category of experience. For most people, the invocation of these chronological referents is metonymic of a broad range of events, aesthetics, experiences, emotions, acts, and attitudes. Alain Badiou (2007) in The Century attempts precisely to identify the unifying tropes that define the twentieth century, the period’s imagination—its epochal dream-worlds, to use Susan Buck-Morss’s (2000) felicitous expression. There is, no doubt, something powerful about conventional time frames, like a century. Such a time frame, within a specific geographical space, is often identified with a collective type of consciousness—in Badiou’s case, the European West. Badiou’s project is to pin down “how the century thought itself,” that is, the epochal consciousness that key Western intellectuals expressed in their works during that time; how they imagined, or rather abstracted, the time in which they were living as a centurial period and how they represented it. Just as importantly, how they confronted it. In a nutshell, Badiou examined what

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Notes

  1. *I am indebted to Jorge Ferrer, Anitra Grisales, Berta Jottar, Lourdes Martinez-Echazábal, Lucía Suárez, and Ignacio Vera for their critical commentaries and helpful input, which have greatly improved this introduction.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Fidel Castro (1989) began adding “socialism or death” (socialismo o muerte) as a second line to his usual motto of “fatherland or death” (Patria o muerte) in December 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  3. See also Castro (1990b and 1990c). On September 28, 1990, in a speech to the Committees of Defense of the Revolution, he announced the inevitability of the Special Period: “Without a doubt we are entering the Special Period. It is almost unavoidable that we will have to experience that special period in a time of peace” (Castro 1990d).

    Google Scholar 

  4. See Granma International in 1990 and 1991. Every issue included news on the latest measures. See also then numerous articles by Mauricio Vicent in EL PAIS during these years.

    Google Scholar 

  5. These laws followed, respectively, Cuba’s shooting of two U.S.-based rescue planes that allegedly entered its air space (in March, 1996), and the Varela Project, in 1998: an aborted citizens’ initiative to reform the Constitution and launch democratic reforms. See Alvarez Garcia and Gonzalez Núñez (2001).

    Google Scholar 

  6. Chanan (2001) noted the revaluation of Gramscian Marxism in the 1990s, precisely because of Gramsci’s pragmatic approach to market relations as a means to maintain socialist governance.

    Google Scholar 

  7. See, e.g., Bauman (1994), Kumar (1992), Przeworski (1993), Verdery (1991b), and Yurchak (2006).

    Google Scholar 

  8. See, e.g., Carranza Valdés, Gutiérrez Urdaneta, and Monreal González (1995).

    Google Scholar 

  9. See Manzor-Coats and Martiatu Terry (1995) for an account of the theater scene in these years.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Steve Fagin’s experimental film Tropicola (1997), shot mostly in Havana in the early 1990s, created an improvisatory space in which actors powerfully and critically commented on the commodification of social relations occurring in Cuba at the time.

    Google Scholar 

  11. The Teatro del Obstáculo (or Theater of Obstacles) used “aesthetics of difficulty” as their motto, according to Manzor-Coats and Martiatu Terry (1995). See also Oroza, Maja Asaa et al. (n.d.).

    Google Scholar 

  12. Among these, there were film students such as the Spaniard Benito Zambrano, who went on to direct the film Habana Blues (2002) about foreign music producers seeking to commercialize Cuban music abroad, and journalists such as longtime EL PAIS correspondent Mauricio Vicent, who since 1991 published hundreds of chronicles of the Special Period’s daily life.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Through the 2000s, Fidel Castro (2001, 2005) has continued to refer to the Special Period as ongoing. I owe this point to Ignacio Vera.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Copyright information

© 2009 Ariana Hernandez-Reguant

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hernandez-Reguant, A. (2009). Writing the Special Period: An Introduction. In: Hernandez-Reguant, A. (eds) Cuba in the Special Period. New Concepts in Latino American Cultures. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230618329_1

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics